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Journal : Narra J

Role of forkhead box protein 2 (FOXP2) in oral-motor abilities of preterm infants: A brief literature review Mauliza , Mauliza; Dimiati, Herlina; Akmal, Muslim; Imran, Imran
Narra J Vol. 3 No. 2 (2023): August 2023
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i2.237

Abstract

Preterm infants, born before the 37-week gestation period, have limited storage for nutrients at birth and are vulnerable to poor feeding, severe nutritional deficits and growth retardation. The immature gastrointestinal system leads preterm infants to experience a delay in initiating enteral nutrition. Inappropriate feeding can cause acute and long-term morbidity, prolonged hospitalization and increased treatment cost. Generally, preterm infants that are born after 32 weeks of gestation without severe comorbidities do not have dysphagia and should start oral feeding soon after birth. Preterm infants should have well-developed sucking-swallowing-breathing coordination by 32–34 weeks of gestational age. However, some infants take days or weeks to master the skill. The oral feeding development involves forkhead box protein 2 (FOXP2)-expressing neurons that are found in the deep layers of the cortex, basal ganglia, parts of the thalamus and Purkinje cells of the cerebellum. In mammals, these areas belong to the brain network circuits working for motor coordination in learning and acquiring sensorimotor skills. This review aimed to describe the role of FOXP2 in oral-motor skills in preterm infants, including oral feeding, sucking-swallowing-breathing coordination and language development. The oral-motor skills development could be an early predictor for language delay in premature infants, representing a vulnerable group susceptible to such delays.
Effect of black garlic (Allium sativum) on gonadosomatic index, follicle-stimulating hormone level and spermatozoa quality: A study in monosodium glutamate-exposed rat model Bani, Ika I.; Zulkarnain, Zulkarnain; Gholib, Gholib; Syahrizal, Dedy; Nugraha, Taufiq P.; Ramadhan, Akmal; Akmal, Muslim; Maulina, Nora
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i2.617

Abstract

Infertility rates have risen significantly, one of which is due to monosodium glutamate (MSG) consumption. Recent studies have shown that flavonoids in black garlic (Allium sativum) act as antioxidants. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of black garlic extract (BGE) on gonadosomatic index, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, and spermatozoa quality in rats exposed to MSG. Twenty-five healthy rats, aged ten to twelve weeks, were divided equally into five experimental groups: (1) negative control (NC), no intervention; (2) positive control (PC), fed with MSG 8 mg/kg; and (3) fed with MSG + BGE 200 mg/kg; (4) fed with MSG + BGE 400 mg/kg; and (5) fed with MSG + BGE 600 mg/kg. Oral MSG was administered once a day for two weeks before BGE administration was started for two weeks. The measured endpoints were gonadosomatic index, FSH levels, and spermatozoa concentration and quality (spermatozoa motility and abnormality). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan's post hoc analysis was used to assess the measurement differences. The result suggested that the administration of BGE did not significantly affect the gonadosomatic index (p=0.513). Significant decreases in FSH levels (p=0.005) and spermatozoa concentration were observed in the PC group compared to other groups (p<0.001). Additionally, spermatozoa motility was significantly lower in the PC group compared to NC, BGE200, BGE400, and BGE600 (p<0.001), with higher motility noted in BGE200, BGE400, and BGE600 compared to PC (p<0.001). Furthermore, PC had significantly higher spermatozoa abnormalities compared to NC, BGE200, BGE400, and BGE600 (p<0.001). In conclusion, administration of BGE had a significant effect on the improvement of FSH levels and the quality of spermatozoa in rats exposed to MSG.
Black garlic exhibited hepatoprotective effect against monosodium glutamate-induced hepatotoxicity in animal model Maulina, Nora; Zachreini, Indra; Gholib, Gholib; Suwandi, Abdulhadi; Akmal, Muslim
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 2 (2024): August 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i2.799

Abstract

Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is commonly used as a flavor-enhancing agent in foods, and studies have demonstrated its toxic effects in animal models. Black garlic is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties; however, there is a lack of studies on the potential hepatoprotective effect of black garlic ethanol extract (BGE) against MSG-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The aim of this study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of ethanol extract of black garlic against MSG-induced liver damage in animal model. Twenty-five male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to five groups (n=5): negative control, MSG only, and MSG with three different doses of BGE. The MSG only and MSG with BGE groups were orally administered with 8 mg/kg MSG daily. After MSG treatment, the MSG with BGE groups received BGE orally at daily doses of 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg body weight for 16 consecutive days. Subsequently, the levels of serum liver enzymes aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) were measured. Our data indicated that the group treated with 200 mg/kg BGE had significant lower levels of AST and ALT significantly compared to the MSG-only group. The MSG-treated group had higher levels of the inflammatory markers COX-2 and IFN-γ, which were lowered by administration of 200 mg/kg BGE. In contrast, higher doses of BGE led to greater levels of COX-2 and IFN-γ compared to those in the MSG-only group. This study suggested that BGE might have hepatoprotective effects at low dose, potentially mitigating MSG-induced liver damage. However, the higher dose of black garlic extract did not alleviate inflammation, as shown by the higher levels of COX-2 and IFN-γ.
Does FOXP2 gene polymorphism affect the duration of orogastric tube use in moderate to late preterm neonates? A cross-sectional study in Indonesia Mauliza, Mauliza; Dimiati, Herlina; Akmal, Muslim; Imran, Imran
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.933

Abstract

Premature and low birth weight neonates often struggle with oral intake due to immaturity or respiratory distress. Forkhead box protein 2 gene (FOXP2) is predicted to influence oral feeding ability in newborns, but studies assessing the role of this gene in influencing oral feeding ability are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of FOXP2 gene polymorphism, particularly single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs17137124, on the duration of orogastric tube (OGT) use in moderate to late preterm neonates. A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted in Lhokseumawe, Aceh, Indonesia, from September 2021 to August 2023, involving neonates with 32–36 weeks gestational age. The DNA samples were isolated from the saliva, amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the FOXP2 gene was sequenced. The associations between FOXP2 gene polymorphisms and other plausible factors on the duration of OGT use were determined using Chi-squared test, Fisher’s exact test or Pearson correlation as appropriate. Preterm neonates with the CC genotype had the longest OGT use, averaging 3 days (39.1%). TT genotype preterm neonates required OGT use for 4, 5, and 6 days (each 33.3%), while CT genotype neonates predominantly required it for 4 days (41.7%). No significant association was found between FOXP2 genotypes and OGT use duration (p=0.233). Similarly, neonates with C allele required OGT use for 3 and 4 days, while those with T allele mostly required between 4 and 6 days, with no significant association (p=0.110). Analysis using dominant (p=0.109) and recessive models (p=0.481) also showed no significant associations with OGT use duration. However, the study found significant associations between delivery mode (p=0.002) and gestational age (p=0.001) with duration of OGT use in preterm neonates. This study highlights that FOXP2 polymorphisms have limited association with the duration of OGT use among preterm neonates.
Association between tumor necrosis factor-α gene polymorphism and interleukin-6 level with mortality of neonatal sepsis Darnifayanti, Darnifayanti; Akmal, Muslim; Nur, Syahrun; Yusuf, Sulaiman
Narra J Vol. 4 No. 3 (2024): December 2024
Publisher : Narra Sains Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1234

Abstract

Sepsis is a systemic infection that significantly causes morbidity and mortality among neonates, which is associated with immature immune response. Variations in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha gene (TNF-α) -308G/A may be linked to neonatal sepsis mortality by modulating interleukins (ILs) involved in the immune response cascade, such as IL-6. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between TNF-α -308G/A gene variation and IL-6 level with mortality of neonatal sepsis. A cohort of 30 neonates diagnosed with clinical sepsis was recruited. Blood culture was performed for all patients and serum IL-6 levels were examined 24 hours after suspected sepsis. Genetic analysis of TNF-α single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) -308G/A was conducted using polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. The association was assessed based on bivariate logistic regression. We found that 12 (40%) of 30 patients had blood culture-proven sepsis. Genotype of TNF-α -308G/A stratified of the patients was 56.7% for GA and 43.3% for GG. There were no AA variations found in this study. There was no significant association between the TNF-α -308 G/A genotype and mortality in neonatal sepsis (p=0.211). Similarly, the allelic model of TNF-α -308 gene had no association with mortality (p=0.325). Additionally, there was no association between serum IL-6 level and mortality in neonatal sepsis (p=0.253). In conclusion, SNP of TNF-α -308 gene and IL-6 level are not associated with mortality in neonatal sepsis.
Co-Authors a, Aulanni'am A, Aulanniam Abdul Harris Abdullah, Mohd Agus Nashri Agik Suprayogi Al Azhar Al Azhar Amiruddin . Amiruddin A Amiruddin Amiruddin Amiruddin Amiruddin Andi Novita Andriani, Mira Annisa, Aiza Anwar A, Anwar Arman Sayuti Arman Sayuti Arman Sayuti Aulanni'am, Aulanni'am Awaluddin Awaluddin Awaluddin Awaluddin Ayuti, Siti Rani Azhar A, Azhar Azhari A Bagus Dwijayanti Bani, Ika I. Basuki B. Purnomo Basuki B. Purnomo Boni Anggara budianto panjaitan Chintya Desfariza Cut Dahlia Iskandar Cut Nila Thasmi Cut Nila Thasmi Cut Nila Thasmi, Cut Nila Darmawi . Darnifayanti, Darnifayanti Dasrul Dasrul Dedy Syahrizal Delima, Mira Sukma Denny Irmawati Dewi Ratna Sari Dewi Ratna Sari Dian Masyitah, Dian Dian Masyitha Dian Masyitha Dian Masyitha Dwinna Aliza Dwinna Aliza Dwinna Aliza Eka Meutia Sari Eka Meutia Sari Erdiansyah Rahmi Erwin Erwin Etriwati E Fadli A. Gani Faisal Mustafa Fajar Fakri Fajri, Fauzan Farida Athaillah Ferdian, Riyan Filphin Adolfin Amalo Fitra Aji Pamungkas, Fitra Fitriani Fitriani Fitriani Fitriani Fitriani Fitriani Fitriani Fitriani Gholib G, Gholib Gholib Gholib Gholib Gholib, Gholib Hafizuddin Hafizuddin Hamdan - Hamdan h Hamdan H Hamdan Hamdan Hamdani Budiman Hamdani Budiman Hamdani H Hamdani H, Hamdani Hamny H, Hamny Hamny Hamny Hamny Sofyan Hasan, Denny Irmawati Helmi, T. Zahrial Herlina Dimiati, Herlina Hermawaty Tarigan Hermawaty Tarigan, Hermawaty Husmimi Husmimi Husmimi Husmimi Husmimi, Husmimi Husnur rizal Husnurrizal . Husnurrizal, Husnurrizal I. Ketut Mudite Adnyane, I. Ketut Mudite Idawati Nasution Idawati Nasution Idawati Nasution Imran Imran Indra Sitorus Ismail Ismail Joharsyah J Joharsyah J, Joharsyah Juli Melia Juli Melia Ketut Adnyane Mudite Listin Handayani M Nur Salim M Nur Salim M. Aris Widodo M. Aris Widodo M. Nur Salim Mahdi Abrar Masda Admi Mauliza , Mauliza Mauliza, Mauliza Mohd. Agus Nashri Abdullah Morteza Almuthahhar Mudastsir, Mudastsir MUHAMMAD AGIL Muhammad Aris Widodo Muhammad Hambal Muhammad Jalaluddin Muhammad Jalaluddin Muhammad Jalaluddin, Muhammad Muhammad Toras Mulyadi Adam Mulyadi Adam Mulyadi Adam, Mulyadi Mulyadi M Mulyadi M, Mulyadi Mustafa Sabri N. Nazaruddin Nanda Yulian Syah Nazaruddin N Nirmala, Fadya Nora Maulina, Nora Nora Usrina Noviyanti Noviyanti, Noviyanti Nurdin Saidi Nuzul Asmilia Nuzul Asmilia Okta Hilda Kadar, Okta Hilda Patrick Flaggellata Qomariyah, Novia Rahma Melinda Rahmandi r Rahmandi r Ramadhan, Akmal Rastina Rastina Razali Daud Razali R Razali R Rina Aulia Barus rina aulia barus Rinidar - Rinidar R Rinidar R, Rinidar Roslizawaty r Roslizawaty R Rusli - Sadarman , Saddat Nasution, Saddat Sariadi Sariadi Satria Tanjung Siska Pratiwi Siswandy Siswandy Siti Aisyah Sri Wahyuni Sri Wahyuni Sri Wahyuni Sri Wahyuni Sri Wahyuni Srihadi Agungpriyono Subagyo, Djoko Sugito - Sugito Sugito Sugito Sugito Sukma, Zahwa Tamara Sulaiman Yusuf Sultan Fadhilla Taqwa Suriadi S Suriadi S, Suriadi Susi Darmayanti Sutiman B. Sumitro Suwandi, Abdulhadi Syafruddin s Syafruddin S Syafruddin S Syafruddin Syafruddin Syafruddin Syafruddin Syahrun Nur Syamsiar, Syamsiar T. Armansyah T. Armansyah T. Armansyah, TR T. Reza Ferasyi Tanjung, Satria Taufiq P. Nugraha, Taufiq P. Taufiq Purna Nugraha, Taufiq Purna Teuku Reza Ferasyi Teuku Reza Ferasyi, Teuku Tongku N Siregar Tongku N. Siregar, Tongku Tongku Nizwan Siregar Tongku Nizwan Siregar Triva Murtina Lubis Triva Murtina Lubis Tuty Laswardi Yusuf Ummu Balqis Wahono Esthi Prasetyaningtyas Wahyu Sihombing Wahyuni, Sri Wibi Riawan Yuza Al Iqwal Zachreini, Indra Zainuddin Z Zainuddin Z Zainuddin, Zainuddin Zamzami, Rumi Sahara Zuhrawaty Zuhrawaty Zulfitri Zulfitri, Zulfitri Zulkarnain Zulkarnain Zulkifli, Baidillah Zulyazaini Zulyazaini Zulyazaini, Zulyazaini