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All Journal International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) Indonesian Journal of Geography Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika JURNAL MATEMATIKA STATISTIKA DAN KOMPUTASI Jurnal Pengajaran MIPA Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia CAUCHY: Jurnal Matematika Murni dan Aplikasi Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) Journal on Mathematics Education (JME) Jurnal Infinity Kreano, Jurnal Matematika Kreatif-Inovatif Journal on Mathematics Education (JME) Jurnal Pengajaran Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Jurnal Online Pendidikan Matematika Kontemporer Jurnal Riset Pendidikan Matematika AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) Mimbar Sekolah Dasar Kubik JIPM (Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Matematika) JPsd ( Jurnal Pendidikan Sekolah Dasar ) Madrasah: Jurnal Pendidikan dan Pembelajaran Dasar Mimbar Pendidikan: Jurnal Indonesia untuk Kajian Pendidikan Jurnal Elemen EDU-MAT: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Edumatsains JPPM (JURNAL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA) Jurnal Gantang Al-Jabar : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika IJIET (International Journal of Indonesian Education and Teaching) Prosiding SI MaNIs (Seminar Nasional Integrasi Matematika dan Nilai-Nilai Islami) Al Qodiri : Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Keagamaan Al Ishlah Jurnal Pendidikan KALAMATIKA Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika QALAMUNA: Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial, dan Agama MaPan : Jurnal Matematika dan Pembelajaran MAJALAH ILMIAH GLOBE Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) Jurnal Analisa DWIJA CENDEKIA: Jurnal Riset Pedagogik Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education (JMME) PAEDAGOGIA Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education Juring (Journal for Research in Mathematics Learning) Jurnal PAJAR (Pendidikan dan Pengajaran) Journal of Honai Math JTAM (Jurnal Teori dan Aplikasi Matematika) IRJE (Indonesian Research Journal in Education) MATEMATIKA DAN PEMBELAJARAN International Journal on Emerging Mathematics Education Martabat: Jurnal Perempuan dan Anak Jurnal Tadris Matematika Al-Madrasah: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Beta: Jurnal Tadris Matematika Indiktika : Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika (JUDIKA EDUCATION) Jurnal Surya Masyarakat SJME (Supremum Journal of Mathematics Education) Jurnal Cendekia : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Jurnal Basicedu AT-TA`DIB Jurnal AME (Aplikasi Mekanika dan Energi): Jurnal Ilmiah Teknik Mesin International Journal of Elementary Education Jurnal Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat UNSIQ Prima: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Literasi: Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Bahasa, Sastra Indonesia dan Daerah International Conference on Mathematics and Science Education of Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika (Jupitek) FIBONACCI: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan Matematika JUDIKA (JURNAL PENDIDIKAN UNSIKA) Journal of Authentic Research on Mathematics Eduacation (JARME) Math Educa Journal JPMI (Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif) (JIML) JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE MATHEMATICS LEARNING Jurnal Absis : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika dan Matematika Jurnal Pengembangan Pembelajaran Matematika Indonesian Journal of Education and Mathematical Science Attadib: Journal of Elementary Education Journal of Elementary School (JOES) Jurnal Padegogik RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT JOURNAL OF EDUCATION (RDJE) MATHEMA: JURNAL PENDIDIKAN MATEMATIKA Range : Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Southeast Asian Mathematics Education Journal Budapest International Research and Critics Institute-Journal (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences Jurnal Surya Masyarakat Gagasan Pendidikan Indonesia KUBIK: Jurnal Publikasi Ilmiah Matematika Sosfilkom : Jurnal Sosial, Filsafat dan Komunikasi Mitra Mahajana: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal Math-UMB.EDU Jurnal Kependidikan: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian dan Kajian Kepustakaan di Bidang Pendidikan, Pengajaran dan Pembelajaran Jurnal Pendidikan dan Teknologi Indonesia Mosharafa: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan These proceedings represent the work of researchers participating in The International Conference on Elementary Education (ICEE) which is being hosted by the Elementary Education Study Programme School of Postgraduate Studies, Universitas Pendidikan Journal La Edusci IJORER : International Journal of Recent Educational Research Ethnomathematics Journal Kognitif: Jurnal Riset HOTS Pendidikan Matematika Moestopo International Review on Social, Humanities, and Sciences (MIRSHuS) Journal Evaluation in Education (JEE) Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat PGSD Journal of Integrated Elementary Education Unnes Journal of Mathematics Education Prosiding Sesiomadika Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas Prisma Sains: Jurnal Pengkajian Ilmu dan Pembelajaran Matematika dan IPA IKIP Mataram Journal of General Education and Humanities Edumatica: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika International Journal of Education and Teaching Zone Jurnal Basicedu Journal of Innovation and Research in Primary Education Sanjiwani: Jurnal Filsafat Pancaran Pendidikan Journal Focus Action of Research Mathematic (Factor M) Jurnal Riset Mahasiswa Matematika Euclid Wilangan : Jurnal Inovasi dan Riset Pendidikan Matematika Proceeding of International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology Journal of Medives: Journal of Mathematics Education IKIP Veteran Semarang International Journal of Trends in Mathematics Education Research (IJTMER) JNPM (Jurnal Nasional Pendidikan Matematika) International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematics Education (IJMME) Tematik: Jurnal Konten Pendidikan Matematika Journal of Islamic Education SIGMA DIDAKTIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika Jurnal Pengembangan Pembelajaran Matematika Social Sciences Journal Jurnal Elementaria Edukasia Indonesian Science Education Journal (ISEJ) Jurnal Infinity Jurnal Tadris Matematika EDUPEDIKA Journal on Mathematics Education Research Jurnal Pendidikan MIPA Jurnal Pendidikan Progresif Mathematics Education Journal Journal on Mathematics Education SJME (Supremum Journal of Mathematics Education) Media Pendidikan Matematika Edumaspul: Jurnal Pendidikan Jurnal Didaktik Matematika COUNS-EDU: The International Journal of Counseling and Education Al Ibtida: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru MI Mathematics Education and Application Journal (META)
Turmudi
Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Electrical & Electronics Engineering Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Immunology & microbiology Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

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EXPLORING STUDENT PERCEPTIONS: VISUALIZING ABSTRACT CONCEPTS IN DESCRIPTIVE GEOMETRY USING GEOGEBRA: Jawa Barat, Indonesia Wijaksana, Aris Hadiyan; Yaya Sukjaya Kusumah; Turmudi
Jurnal Math-UMB.EDU Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026): MARCH
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36085/math-umb.edu.v13i2.9772

Abstract

Descriptive Geometry is a fundamental course that demands high-level spatial visualization skills, where students often face significant cognitive challenges in projecting three-dimensional (3D) objects onto two-dimensional (2D) planes using conventional methods. This study aims to deeply explore student perceptions regarding the use of the dynamic geometry software GeoGebra as a medium for visualizing abstract concepts in this course. Using a qualitative case study approach, this research involved 13 students from the mathematics education program at Universitas Negeri Jakarta. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings indicate that students perceive GeoGebra as a transformative pedagogical tool. Four main themes were identified: (1) GeoGebra serves as a conceptual bridge that translates abstract concepts into concrete and dynamic visual representations; (2) GeoGebra's interactive environment is considered far superior to the static paper-and-pencil method, offering accuracy, efficiency, and freedom to experiment; (3) The use of GeoGebra shifts the student's role from a passive recipient to an active learner engaged in independent exploration; and (4) Despite an initial learning curve, the challenge of mastering the software fosters the development of student agency and learning autonomy. This study concludes that GeoGebra effectively reduces the cognitive load associated with spatial visualization and enhances student engagement and conceptual understanding. The implications of these findings underscore the importance of planned technological integration into advanced geometry curricula to facilitate more meaningful learning. Keywords: Descriptive Geometry; GeoGebra; Spatial Visualization; Student Perceptions; Dynamic Geometry Software
SPATIAL MODELING IN SUSTAINABLE PEAT LAND MANAGEMENT BASED ON PEAT HYDROLOGICAL UNITS (KHG) Turmudi, Turmudi; Suwarno, Yatin; Munajati, Sri Lestari; Suryanta, Jaka
Jurnal Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan (Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management) Vol 11 No 4 (2021): Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian Lingkungan Hidup, IPB (PPLH-IPB) dan Program Studi Pengelolaan Sumberdaya Alam dan Lingkungan, IPB (PS. PSL, SPs. IPB)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/jpsl.11.4.613-620

Abstract

Utilization of peatlands becoming more massive from time to time. On the other hand, efforts are needed to ensure the sustainability of peatland functions for the environment. In an effort to support the sustainability of peatland functions, spatial modelling with the basis of KHG is needed to facilitate its management. This study aims to provide input on the optimization of peatlands based on KHG to be used for the community, while maintaining its sustainability. The method used is spatial analysis that covered data KHG, Land Unit, Soil, Ground water level (GWL), Rainfall data. The results of the study show that KHG helps to more focus on determining the AOI (Area of interest) to be researched. The inputs needed for research based on KHG, are:- KHG analysis of: 1. land unit; 2. Rainfall data, 3. GWL data, 4. Soil data. that can identify KHG areas that need attention to be managed properly:the tidal peatland, and the peat dome for conservation efforts. Analysis of KHG with rainfall and GWL, it can be obtained the months (February and November) which function as controls on the success of management through the GWL value.
Digital Cognition and Epistemic Beliefs: How Pre-Service Primary Teachers Construct Mathematical Knowledge Maulida, Aya Shofia; Wahyudin; Turmudi
(JIML) JOURNAL OF INNOVATIVE MATHEMATICS LEARNING Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): VOLUME 9 NUMBER 1, MARCH 2026
Publisher : IKIP Siliwangi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22460/jiml.v9i1.31162

Abstract

The increasing integration of digital technology in teacher education has reshaped how future teachers engage with knowledge and learning. This study explores how pre-service primary mathematics teachers conceptualize knowledge within digital learning environments and examines the relationship between their epistemic beliefs and digital engagement. A quantitative descriptive design was employed involving 34 undergraduate students enrolled in a primary teacher education program at an Indonesian university. Data were collected using a 20-item questionnaire adapted from Schommer’s Epistemological Beliefs framework and contextualized to reflect digital learning experiences. The instrument measured beliefs concerning the certainty, simplicity, and source of knowledge, as well as perceptions of learning ability and learning processes. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings indicate that participants predominantly hold constructivist-oriented epistemic beliefs, viewing knowledge as interconnected, evolving, and shaped through reflection and experience. Digital technology was generally perceived not merely as an instructional aid but as a medium that supports pedagogical thinking and professional growth. Statements reflecting growth-oriented learning and independent knowledge construction received strong agreement, whereas fixed and authority-dependent beliefs were largely rejected. These results suggest that epistemic sophistication may support more reflective and meaningful digital engagement. The study highlights the importance of integrating epistemological development with digital competence in teacher education to foster adaptive and reflective future educators.
Integrasi Self-Efficacy pada Pembelajaran Matematika Berbasis Team-Based Learning (TBL) Astiswijaya, Nike; Turmudi, Turmudi; Kusnandi, Kusnandi; Dadang Juandi, Dadang Juandi
Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika : Judika Education Vol. 9 No. 2 (2026): Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika:Judika Education
Publisher : Institut Penelitian Matematika, Komputer, Keperawatan, Pendidikan dan Ekonomi (IPM2KPE)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31539/7mwbzr51

Abstract

This study is a conceptual review that aims to explain how self-efficacy is integrated into mathematics learning based on Team-Based Learning (TBL). In the initial stage, researchers found 120 articles. After screening, 15 articles were selected that were relevant and in line with the research focus. The synthesis results showed that the integration of self-efficacy and TBL created a mutually reinforcing cycle. The TBL structure was proven to provide space for the formation of four main sources of self-efficacy (Bandura, 1997), namely mastery experience, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion, and affective states. The integration of the two creates a reciprocal relationship: high self-efficacy makes students more confident and persistent in facing challenges, while the collaborative and supportive TBL environment strengthens students' self-efficacy. TBL is not just a learning strategy, but also a space for students to develop confidence in learning mathematics.   Keywords: Self-efficacy, Team-Based Learning, Mathematics Learning, Collaborative Learning, Higher-Order Thinking Skills
STUDENT STRATEGIES AND ERRORS IN SOLVING MATHEMATICAL REPRESENTATION PROBLEMS ON A QUADRATIC FUNCTION MATERIAL Siregar, Hesty Marwani; Nurjanah, Nurjanah; Turmudi, Turmudi; Darhim, Darhim; Nurlaelah, Elah
AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika Vol 15, No 1 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH METRO

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24127/ajpm.v15i1.14891

Abstract

Students often experience difficulties in using multiple mathematical representations when solving quadratic function problems, particularly in connecting visual, symbolic, and verbal forms. While previous studies have mainly focused on identifying students’ errors, the strategies underlying these errors remain insufficiently explored. This study aims to identify the students’ strategies when solving mathematical representation problems on quadratic functions material. Using a descriptive qualitative approach, written responses from 127 students at two public high schools in Pekanbaru were analyzed and supported by interviews with six selected students to clarify their reasoning. The findings show that students predominantly relied on procedural strategies, such as point substitution or mechanical formula use, with limited conceptual understanding. Although most students attempted the visual task, many produced inaccurate graphs. The symbolic and verbal indicators showed very high non-response rates, indicating difficulties in translating contextual information into algebraic form and expressing mathematical reasoning. These results highlight the need for instructional approaches that integrate multiple representations and strengthen conceptual connections.
Geometry Learning through Extended Reality (XR): A Mini Review of Its Impacts, Implementation Challenges, and Future Developments Hasanah, Nur Riski; Turmudi, Turmudi; Juandi, Dadang
Indonesian Journal of Education and Mathematical Science Vol 7, No 2 (2026)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara (UMSU)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30596/ijems.v7i2.29380

Abstract

Extended Reality (XR) which includes AR, VR, MR, has become one of the important innovations in the development of mathematics learning media, especially in the field of geometry. This review aims to analyze the impact, implementation challenges, and future development directions of XR in geometry learning. A PRISMA-based systematic review was conducted with thematic analysis of literature from reputable international journals. The results of the study show that XR improves the effectiveness of learning and spatial thinking skills, student engagement, and learning motivation through interactive visualization and immersive learning experiences. However, negative impacts that need to be considered, include the dependence on technology, physiological and cognitive disorders, and heightened distraction that affects performance. Implementation challenges include limited infrastructure, teacher readiness, device access, costs, appropriate pedagogical design, and curriculum support for optimal XR integration.  Future developments suggest that XR holds strong transformative potential through integration with artificial intelligence (AI), adaptive learning systems, and educational metaverse environments. This study highlights the need for structured XR integration strategies and further research on long-term effectiveness and appropriate XR-based pedagogical design in mathematics learning, particularly geometry.
Achievement emotions for mathematics questionnaire in senior high school: Validity and reliability for Indonesian students Suparman; Juandi, Dadang; Turmudi; Avip Priatna Martadiputra, Bambang
COUNS-EDU: The International Journal of Counseling and Education Vol. 10 No. 1 (2025)
Publisher : Indonesian Institute for Counseling, Education, and Therapy & Indonesian Counselor Association

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23916/00202501049510

Abstract

Achievement emotions are recognized as key factors influencing students' success in mathematics. However, no Achievement Emotions Questionnaire for Mathematics (AEQ-M) specifically tailored for Indonesian senior high school students has been developed. This study aims to translate the 68-item AEQ-M into Indonesian and validate its use for senior high school students in Indonesia, termed AEQ-M-SHS-I. A purposive cluster sampling method was used to select 198 tenth and eleventh-grade students in West Java, Indonesia. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, item analysis, and reliability testing. Structural, convergent, and discriminant validity were assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). All of data analyses were supported by SPSS 26.0 and AMOS 26.0. The Indonesian AEQ-M-SHS-I consists of ten factors and 68 items, all demonstrating good discriminant validity. CFA showed good structural model fit indices (e.g., X²/df = 2.245, CFI = 0.937, TLI = 0.950, SRMR = 0.059, RMSEA = 0.079). Moreover, all of ten emotions in the AEQ-M-SHS-I had ideal convergent validity. Additionally, the tool exhibited high internal consistency (? = 0.868). These results indicate that the AEQ-M-SHS-I is a valid and reliable instrument for assessing achievement emotions in mathematics among Indonesian senior high school students.
Praxeological analysis of measures of central tendency in grade VIII mathematics textbooks: Identifying learning obstacles and improving task presentation Dewi, Rivani Adistia; Harahap, Putri Ardhanita; Juandi, Dadang; Turmudi, Turmudi
Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education Vol. 9 No. 1 (2026): Indonesian Journal of Science and Mathematics Education
Publisher : Universitas Islam Negeri Raden Intan Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24042/ijsme.v9i1.26808

Abstract

Students continue to experience difficulties understanding measures of central tendency, and the way statistical tasks are presented in textbooks may contribute to these difficulties. However, studies examining textbook task presentation from a praxeological perspective remain limited. This study aims to analyze the presentation of measures of central tendency in Grade VIII mathematics textbooks using a praxeological framework and to propose improvements to minimize students' learning obstacles. This study employed a qualitative, praxeological approach to examine the textbook's task presentation. The findings indicate that several tasks have the potential to generate ontogenic, didactic, and epistemological obstacles, arising from the absence of prior conceptual explanations, inaccuracies in visual representations, and insufficient connections between different forms of data representation, which may limit students’ conceptual understanding and encourage procedural reasoning. These findings imply that teachers need to provide additional conceptual support when using textbooks. In contrast, textbook authors and curriculum developers should design tasks that are conceptually structured, use accurate representations, and include gradual transitions between different forms of data to better support students' understanding.
EKSPLORASI ETNOMATEMATIKA RUMAH ADAT PANJALIN PADA MATERI KONSEP DASAR GEOMETRI DI SEKOLAH DASAR Yeni Dwi Kurino; Tatang Herman; Turmudi; Wahyudin
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas Vol. 8 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Majalengka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31949/jcp.v8i1.1937

Abstract

Budaya dan matematika sangat erat kaitannya salah satunya yaitu rumah adat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hasil eksplorasi rumah adat Panjalin di Kabupaten Majalengka pada materi geometri di sekolah dasar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatf. Sumber data pada penelitian ini menggunakan data hasil wawancara, observasi, dokumentasi, dan kajian literatur. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan menggunakan reduksi data, sajian data, verifikasi, dan penyimpulan. Hasil penelitian mendeskripsikan bahwa dalam arsitektur rumah adat panjalin mengandung konsep matematika (1) bentuk atap rumah berbentuk trapesium, penyangga pada rumah adat tersebut berbentuk balok, (2) bagian atas / langit-langit dalam rumah memiliki unsur persegi, (3) dinding rumah berbentuk persegi panjang, dan (4) bagian penyangga rumah adat panajalin berbentuk balok. Secara umum, konsep geometri yang terdapat dalam rumah adat panjalin dapat dijadikan sebagai alternative sumber belajar matematika khususnya materi geometri berbasis etnomatematika.
TEACHERS’ BELIEFS ABOUT MATHEMATICAL PROBLEM SOLVING IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS : A CASE STUDY IN NUNUKAN REGENCY Irianto Aras; Turmudi; Tatang Herman
Jurnal Cakrawala Pendas Vol. 11 No. 4 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Majalengka

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31949/jcp.v11i4.14477

Abstract

This study aims to describe the beliefs of fifth-grade elementary school teachers and students regarding mathematical problem solving, as well as their approaches to teaching and learning problem-solving activities. The research employed a qualitative descriptive method, focusing on the alignment between teachers’ and students’ perceptions of problem solving within an authentic classroom context.The participants consisted of three teachers from different elementary schools in Nunukan Regency, North Kalimantan, and six students identified by the teachers three categorized as successful and three as less successful in solving mathematical problems. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and documentation, using an interview guide developed to explore teachers’ beliefs and students’ problem-solving strategies. The validity of data was ensured through source triangulation and member checking. Data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman’s (1992) interactive model, which includes stages of data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. The findings revealed three main points: (1) teachers generally associated students’ problem-solving success with innate ability, while students attributed success to effort and persistence; (2) both teachers and students shared a narrow understanding of problem solving, viewing it mainly as procedural computation rather than reasoning or exploration; and (3) teachers assessed students’ success primarily based on accuracy in calculation, resulting in classroom practices that emphasized procedures over conceptual understanding.In conclusion, the study highlights the need to strengthen teachers’ pedagogical beliefs and promote reasoning-oriented instruction in mathematics classrooms. However, the limited number of participants restricts the generalizability of the findings. Future studies with larger samples and classroom observations are recommended to validate and expand these results.
Co-Authors A, Abdul Wahab Aan Subhan P Abdul Fatah Abdul Latip Abdul Latip Abdul Wahab A Abdussakir Abdussakir Adawia, Aida Agus Muharram Agus Mukti Wibowo Agusfianuddin Agusfianuddin Agusfianuddin, Agusfianuddin Ahmad Arifuddin Ahmad Dzulfikar Ahmad Dzulfikar Ahmad Rizal Jalaludin Ahmad Rizal Jalaludin Al Jupri Al Jupri, Al Jupri Alfaridzi, Tegar Alman alman Ambar Gini Permatasari Ambar Gini Permatasari Amelia Defrianti Putri Amelia Defrianti Putri Andhin Dyas Fitriani Aneu Pebrianti Anggi Lestari Purnama Ani Rosidah Anwar Aprianto Abdurahman Aras, Irianto Arie Dharmawan Arie Dharmawan Arie Rakhmat Riyadi Arifin Riadi Arifin Riadi Arifin Riadi Aris Hadiyan Wijaksana Armeyntan, Tata Sutrafia Asep Safaat Asep Syarif Hidayat Asep Syarif Hidayatullah Asnawi, Muhammad Hasan Aufia, Zulfatul Avip Priatna Martadiputra, Bambang Aya Shofia Maulida Ayu Fitri Ayunda Sri Wahyuningrum Azhari, Mohamed Nor Azhari Azman Azzumar, Fuji Badrus, Badrus bambang avip Priatna Bambang Avip Priatna Martadiputra cakrawala Bambang Hero Saharjo Baskoro, Jarot Aji Belinda Terlouw Boedi Tjahjono Buhaerah Buhaerah Buhaerah Buhaerah, Buhaerah Cahya Karisma Pertiwi Cahya Karisma Pertiwi Cahyanti, Niken Dwi Dadan Dasari Dadan Rahmat Dadan Rusdiana Saputra Dadan Rusdiana Saputra Dadang Juandi Dadang Juandi Dadang Juandi Dadang Juandi Dadang Juandi, Dadang Juandi Darhim Darhim Dasim Budimansyah Dasim Budimansyah Dasim Budimansyah, Prayoga Bestari, Redi Yamanto, Dasim Budimansyah, Deby Ifevayona Ginting Dewi, Rivani Adistia Dian Nopiyani Dian Robiatussa’diyah Diana, Nana Didi Suhaedi Didi Suryadi Didi Suryadi Didi Suryadi Dilham Fardian Dinantika, Tutus Dini Febriani Diski Novianda Diya, Hakimatul Maulidiyah E. Nurlaelah Edi Irawan Edi Irawan Edi Supriyadi Efrata Gee Ejen Jenal Mutaqin Ekasatya Aldila Afriansyah Elah Nurlaelah Elah Nurlaelah Elly Susanti Elmawati, Elmawati Elvandri Yogi Pratama Endang Mulyana Ernawulan Syaodih Esti Harini Evawati Alisah Eyus Sudihartinih Fadhil Zil Ikram Fahrudin Fahrudin Farida Daniel Febriandi, Riduan Febriandi Febriani, Winarti Dwi Ferlia Putri Rahmania Firda Fauziah Fita Nur Fitriana Fitria Sulistyowati Fitriyani, Harina Freddy Prasetyo Fuadiah, Nyiayu Fahriza Gee, Efrata Gita Yulia Dewi H N Fitriani Haerani, Agus Hafiziani Eka Putri, Hafiziani Eka Hamdan Sugilar Hani Nurhasanah Hania Rahmah Harahap, Putri Ardhanita Harina Fitriyani Haryanti, Yuyun Dwi Hasanah, Nur Riski Hasti Robiasih Hastri Rosiyanti, Hastri Hayani Wulandari, Hayani Hayatun Nufus Hendrayati, Wida Sri Hendriyanto, Agus Herli Salim Herman, Tatang Hesty Marwani Siregar Hesty Marwani Siregar Hidayat, Abas Huda, Nur Fuad Kholiqul Hudali, Ahmad I Nyoman Bagus Pramartha Idat Muqodas Ika Fitri Apriani Ilham Muhammad Imam Sujarwo Indra Suhendra Indriati, Mefa Inggrid Marlissa Intan Nurunnahar Irianto Aras Irianto Aras Irmadi Nahib Ismail, Mochamad Tubagus Isnawan, Muhamad Galang Italyani Nurhaifa Jaka Suryanta Jamhari Jamhari Jannah, Shahnaz Latifatul Jarnawi Afgani Dahlan Jarnawi Jarnawi Joko Rizkie Widokarti Jozua Sabandar Jozua Sabandar Juhari Juhari, Juhari Kartika Yulianti Kasmad, Mamad Khabibur Rohman Khoiroh, Ihda Umdatul Khusnul Novianingsih Kisno Kurino, Yeni Dwi Kurnia Putri Sepdikasari Dirgantoro Kusnandi Kusnandi Kusnandi Kusnandi Kusnandi, Kusnandi Kusuma, Yaya S Lilik Ariyanto LILIK BUDIPRASETYO Lucky Heriyanti Jufri, Lucky Heriyanti Lucy Dewan Yulianto Maarten Dolk Maarten Dolk, Maarten Magdalena Wangge Maghfiroh, Jamilatul Mahmudin Mahmudin Marasabessy, Rosida Marchy, Febrinna Marfuah Margaretha Madha Melissa Maulida, Aya Shofia Mawaddah Hamzah, Andi Mega Nur Prabawati Mega Nur Prabawati Mega Nur Prabawati, Mega Nur Meliala, Janita S Mhmd. Habibi MICHIEL DOORMAN, MICHIEL Minasyan, Sona Mohamed Nor Azhari Azman Azhari Mohammad Nadzir Azhari Mohammad Nafie Jauhari Mubiar Agustin Mufliva, Rosiana Muhamad Syahidul Qirom Muhammad Khudzaifah Muhammad Rifqi Mahmud Muhammad Tareq Ghifari Muhammad Tareq Ghifari Muhammad Zaki Muhammad, Iryana Mulyani, Andini Endah Sri mulyanti, Yanti Mulyanti Mustadin Mustadin Mutiara Arlisyah Putri Utami N Hidayah N. Nurjanah Nana Diana Nana Diana Nana Diana Nanang Priatna Naser, Abdurrahman do muhamad Nashiha, Maslahatun Naufal Ishartono Nazla Nurul Aulia Panggabean Nazla Nurul Aulia Panggabean Nelma Dortje Lethulur Neza Zakiya Arili Nia Fatmawati Nike Astiswijaya Nike Astiswijaya Nilah Karnilah Nineu Erwinda Agustin Nisful Laila Nopiyani, Dian Nopiyani, Dian Nora Susilowaty Nunung Nurjanah Nur Anisa Fitri Hasan Nur DS, Yulistina Nur Riski Hasanah Nurafni Nurdiansyah, Rikrik Nurhasanah Nurhasanah Nurjanah, Nurjanah Nuur Wachid Abdul Majid Oktriyanti, Dea Iintri Panjaitan, M. Azhari Pieter Zakarias Tupamahu Prabawanto, Sufiyani PRASETYAWAN, ENGGAR Pratiwi, Inne Marthyane Prida N. L. Taneo Puji Rahayu Puri Pramudiani Puri Pramudiani Purnamasari, Sinta Putri, Amelia Defrianti Qirom, Muhamad Syahidul Rachamwati, Andini Dwi Raden Nabilah Fahrani Radjak, Dwi Setiawati Rafi' Addani, Aisyah Rahmah, Hania Rahmat Riyadi, Arie Ramadhan Kurnia Habibie Rani Sugiarni Ratni Purwasih Ratni Purwasih Ratni Purwasih, Ratni Reza, Hazim Saputra Filia Ria Novia Agus Rifqi Hidayat Rifqi Hidayat, Rifqi Riki Andriatna Rina Indriani Rina Indriani Rina Oktaviyanthi Riska Nurhasanah Riska Nurhasanah Ritmayanti, Indah Rahmania Rivani Adistia Dewi Riza Fatimah Zahrah Rizki Amalia Roesdiana, Lessa Rohati Rohati Rohimah, Siti Maryam Rokhmah, Ummi Nur Rolina Amriyanti Ferita Rolina Amriyanti Ferita, Rolina Amriyanti Rusdian Rifai S Prabawanto Safarandes Asmara, Andes Saiman Saiman Sandi Budi Iriawan Saputra, Dudu Suhandi Saputri, Veni Sari Herlina Selvi Amelia Rahmawati, Rr. shidieq, faris majdie Sinta Purnamasari Sinta Purnamasari, Sinta Siti Fatimah Siti Nur Fadlilah Sitti Busyrah Muchsin Somchai Watcharapunyawong Sona Minasyan Sovana Dwi Lestari Sri Adi Widodo Sri Adi Widodo Sri Harini Sri Lestari Munajati, Sri Lestari Stanley Pandu Dewanto Sufyani Prabawanto, Sufyani suhandri, suhandri Suhendra Suhendra Suhendra Suhendra Suhendra, S SUMADI SUMADI Sumanang Muhtar Gozali Sunata Sunata Supandi Suparman Suparman Suparman Suparman Suparman Suparman Supiarmo, M. Gunawan Supriatna, Irfan Supriatna, Tatang Surtiah Surtiah Surya, Yohanes Suryadi Suryadi Sutomo, Woro Anglia Banda Sutoyo, Edi Swasti Maharani, Swasti Syafitri, Yoesrina Novia Vini Syaiful . Syaiful Syaiful tatang Herman Tatang Herman Tatang Herman, Tatang Terlouw, Belinda Tia Purniati Trian Pamungkas Alamsyah Trisna Roy Pradipta, Trisna Roy Ulfa, Nadia Ummi Nur Rokhmah Unaenah, Een Utami, Lianni Gustia Vidanisa Nurkhotimah Virliani, Viera W Wahyudin Wafiyah, Amiroh Nur Wahab, Dewi Anita Silvina Wahyu Henky Irawan Wahyu Sopandi Wahyudin Wahyudin Wahyudin Wahyudin Wahyudin Wangge, Magdalena wawan kusmawan Widayanti Widayanti Widya Kusumaningsih Widya Kusumaningsih Wijaksana, Aris Hadiyan Wildan Hakim, Wildan Wina Mustikaati Wisnu Zakaria Woro Anglia Banda Sutomo Yani Supriani Yanti Mulyanti Yanuari, Nuke Fitri Yasing, Hakimee Yati Anggraeni Yatin Suwarno, Yatin Yaya Kusumah Yaya S Kusuma Yaya S. Kusumah Yaya Sukjaya Kusuma Yaya Sukjaya Kusumah Yeni Dwi Kurino Yeni Dwi Kurino Yeni dwi Kurino Yeni dwi Kurino Yonanda, Devi Afriyuni Yullys Helsa Yuni, Yatha Zakiya Aulia Ilma