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All Journal International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) HAYATI Journal of Biosciences Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani Indonesia Jurnal Fakultas Ekonomi : OPTIMAL Maslahah : Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perbankan Syariah Rotasi Jurnal Konseling dan Pendidikan Humanitas: Indonesian Psychological Journal Journal of Education and Learning (EduLearn) KONSELI: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling (E-Journal) JURNAL FOKUS KONSELING Riset Manajemen dan Akuntansi Jurnal Al-Iqtishad Psikopedagogia AGRIVITA, Journal of Agricultural Science Jurnal Counsellia Jurnal CARE Indonesian Journal of Guidance and Counseling: Theory and Application Science and Technology Indonesia IJIET (International Journal of Indonesian Education and Teaching) BAGIMU NEGERI : JURNAL PENGABDIAN KEPADA MASYARAKAT SCHOULID: Indonesian Journal of School Counseling Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Ar-Rahman Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA (JPPIPA) JKI (Jurnal Konseling Indonesia) Syntax Literate: Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology JRMSI - Jurnal Riset Manajemen Sains Indonesia JURNAL ATOMIK Pendas : Jurnah Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar CONSILIA Gelanggang Olahraga: Jurnal Pendidikan Jasmani dan Olahraga (JPJO) Elektrika SYIRKAH RISTEKDIK : Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling JURNAL PENDIDIKAN TAMBUSAI Tawazun: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Logista: Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Cakrawala: Jurnal Litbang Kebijakan Jambura Journal of Sports Coaching JURKAM: Jurnal Konseling Andi Matappa EDUKATIF : JURNAL ILMU PENDIDIKAN SCHOULID: Indonesian Journal of School Counseling Sarwahita : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Indonesian Physical Review Ibtida'i : Jurnal Kependidikan Dasar JURNAL CRANKSHAFT Jurnal Sporta Saintika Jurnal el-Qanuniy: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Kesyariahan dan Pranata Sosial Jurnal Berdaya Mandiri JIIP (Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan) Attractive : Innovative Education Journal Jurnal Sewaka Bhakti Jurnal Layanan Masyarakat (Journal of Public Service) Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat Nusantara Jurnal Mekanik Terapan Advice: Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Journal of Community Development GANESHA: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat PROFICIO: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Jurnal PkM (Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat) Kognitif: Jurnal Riset HOTS Pendidikan Matematika Malikussaleh Journal of Mechanical Science Technology Proceedings Series on Social Sciences & Humanities Share: Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam Prosiding Konferensi Nasional PKM-CSR Majalah Ilmiah Olahraga (MAJORA) Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Science, and Innovation Transformatif: Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Archive: Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Bansi (Jurnal Bisnis Manajemen Akuntansi) Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin (JUKIM) ASEAN Journal of Empowering Community Khuluqiyya: Jurnal Kajian Hukum dan Studi Islam Jurnal Buana Pengabdian Prosiding University Research Colloquium Busyro : Jurnal Dakwah dan Komunikasi Islam Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Sains JGK (Jurnal Guru Kita) Sewagati Jurnal Manajemen dan Penelitian Akuntansi (JUMPA) Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pascasarjana Proceeding of International Conference on Science, Education, and Technology Syakhshiyyah Jurnal Hukum Keluarga Islam Bagimu Negeri : Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat Blantika : Multidisciplinary Journal Journal of Professional Teacher Education Neraca Manajemen, Akuntansi, dan Ekonomi Al-ihsan : Journal of Community Development in Islamic Studies Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat dan Riset Pendidikan Jurnal Mahasiswa Dirgantara EDUCATIONE: Journal of Education Research and Review Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Hukum Keluarga JCSE: Journal of Community Service and Empowerment International Journal of Information Engineering and Science Masyarakat Mandiri: Jurnal Pengabdian Dan Pembangunan Lokal Journal of Bio-molecule Research And Engineering IPSSJ International Journal of Social, Economic, and Business Darmabakti: Jurnal Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat At Ta'dzim: Journal of Community Development Jurnal Kajian Bimbingan dan Konseling Muwafaqat: Journal of Islamic Law
Agus Supriyanto
Universitas Ahmad Dahlan
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The Advanced Analysis of Deep Drawing Processes for 1-Inch Diameter Dop-Pipe Caps: Simulation and Experimental Insights Pratama, Tito Chaerul; Sukarman; Tikamori, Ghazi; Mulyadi, Dodi; Supriyanto, Agus; Amir, Amir; Khoirudin, Khoirudin; Hananto, Agus
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore (JTMMX)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36805/jtmmx.v5i1.7269

Abstract

This article investigates the challenges and solutions within the deep drawing process, focusing on issues like cracks and deviations from standard thickness dimensions. Utilizing both experimental methods with a 40-ton power press machine and numerical simulations via ABAQUS software, the study uses SPCC-SD steel to produce a Dop-pipe 1-inch diameter pipe cap. Key findings reveal significant correlations in elements E-90 and E-91, with minimal disparities of around 4.5% between experimental and numerical approaches, showcasing the accuracy of numerical predictions. Notably, the numerical simulations identify potential issues such as increased thickness due to higher axial forces, providing valuable insights for process optimization and defect reduction. By advancing the deep drawing process and extending its applicability to broader material-forming applications, this research contributes significantly to enhancing production efficiency and improving manufacturing practices, emphasizing the importance of simulation-driven approaches in achieving precision and quality enhancement in complex manufacturing processes.
Progressive Dies for L-hanger Ducting (L-HD) Utilizing Low-Carbon Steel SPCC-SD Material: An Experimental and Numerical Analysis Budiansyah, Ade Cepi; Taufik Ulhakim, Muhamad; Sukarman, Sukarman; Supriyanto, Agus; Amir, Amir; Mulyadi, Dodi; Khoirudin, Khoirudin
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore (JTMMX)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36805/jtmmx.v5i1.7763

Abstract

Industrial developments, especially in the manufacturing and construction sectors, recognize L-hanger ducting as a critical component in HVAC (heating ventilation and air conditioning) ducting systems, which play a role in supporting and stabilizing air ducts. The L-Hanger ducting manufacturing process involves a series of stages, such as shearing, blanking, piercing, trimming, and bending processes. This research focuses on the design and simulation of dies and punches for piercing, blanking, and bending processes using 1.6 mm-thick SPCC-SD material. The aim of this research is to design and analyze progressive dies in order to increase the efficiency of the production process. A comprehensive calculation of the forces involved in the shearing, blanking, piercing, trimming, and bending processes is required in order to predict press machine tonnage requirements to support the production process. This research applies theoretical and numerical validation approaches. Theoretical analysis is used to calculate the overall forces, which are then compared with numerical results and verified through an experimental approach. By understanding and optimizing the design of progressive dies, it is hoped that we can increase the production efficiency of L-hanger Ducting and expand knowledge in the field of metal forming, contributing to the metal forming industry and supporting the development of science.
Improving Dissimilar Metal Joining Quality Through Shielded Metal Arc Welding: A Taguchi Optimization Strategy Supriyanto, Agus; Sukarman, Sukarman; Mulyadi, Dodi; Djafar Shieddieque, Apang; Abdulah, Amri; Khoirudin, Khoirudin; Apang Djafar Shieddieque
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore Vol. 5 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore (JTMMX)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36805/jtmmx.v5i1.7867

Abstract

The results of an experiment that used an orthogonal Taguchi method to improve shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) were given. The SMAW method was used to join dissimilar metal of SPHC and St. 30. SPHC material has a low carbon steel content, while St. 30C steels contain a medium amount of carbon steel, which is used for tractor shaft axles. Carbon percentages vary slightly between the two substances. This study aimed to achieve the highest possible quality of tensile strength by utilizing the specified SMAW parameters. SPHC material has a low carbon content, whereas St. 30 steel has a moderate carbon content. This study used the Taguchi experimental method with three input variables and three experimental levels. The SNR ratio is used to evaluate the most optimal SMAW performance. ANOVA analysis is used to evaluate the most crucial parameters in determining the response variable. This research has successfully provided input on the combination of SPHC and St. 30C for SMEs. It operates effectively with a welding current of 133 A, a welding voltage of 9 V, and a filler diameter of 2.0 mm. The S/N ratio analysis found that the welding current, voltage, and filler diameter all had a significant impact on the outcome.
Unraveling the Potential of Coconut Shell Activated Carbon for Catalytic Converter Application: A Preliminary Studies of its Optimization through the Assisted of Fuzzy Logic Taufik Ulhakim, Muhamad; Marbun, Diansyah; Sukarman, Sukarman; Supriyanto, Agus; Suhara, Ade; Ummah, Auliya Rahmatul; Lidiawati, Neng Astri
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore Vol. 5 No. 2 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Mechanical Xplore (JTMMX)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department Universitas Buana Perjuangan Karawang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36805/jtmmx.v5i2.9013

Abstract

Nowadays, researchers focus on developing catalytic converters based on activated carbon (AC) from organic waste to address environmental concerns. This study presents a preliminary investigation into the application of catalytic converters through the synthesis of AC from coconut shells, with optimization achieved through the implementation of fuzzy logic to ascertain the optimal properties of the AC, specifically the activation temperature. The fuzzy logic approach has determined that the optimal activation temperature is 950 °C. The effectiveness of this approach is substantiated by the successful synthesis of AC, as evidenced by XRD, FTIR, and SEM-EDX analysis. The findings indicate that fuzzy logic provides the most accurate activation temperature information, significantly impacting the AC structure. The resulting yield and bulk density values were 26.29% and 0.519 g/ml, respectively. Proximate analysis indicates that the ash content (4.332%), moisture (7.211%), and volatile matter (16.321%) achieve an FCC of 72.136%. The iodine number is a crucial parameter in evaluating the potential application of AC for the catalytic converter. The results demonstrated that the adsorption performance is achieved in 613 mg/g. In conclusion, the AC produced shows considerable potential for use as a catalytic converter. This assertion is substantiated by the successful evaluation of its efficacy in reducing CO and HC, respectively, by approximately 86.04% and 56.79%. To confirm the suitability of the catalytic converter for the vehicle. A series of dynamometer tests were conducted to verify the catalytic converter's performance. The ensuing test results exhibited a decline in torque and power values, yet these measurements remained within acceptable parameters for typical daily utilization.
ANALISIS STANDARISASI FASILITAS OLAHRAGA DI KOMPLEKS GOR STADION WILIS KOTA MADIUN Supriyanto, Agus; Nasrulloh, Ahmad; Prasetyo, Yudik; Saputra, Danny Eka Wahyu; Nugroho, Sugeng Setia; Utomo, Sya'ban Nur; Afiludin, Muhamammad Habib
Majalah Ilmiah Olahraga (MAJORA) Vol. 29 No. 2 (2023): September
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/majora.v29i2.66693

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui standarisasi dalam fasilitas lapangan pada gelanggang olahraga (GOR) Stadion Wilis Kota Madiun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di GOR Stadion Wilis Madiun dan kantor Dinas Kebudayaan, Pariwisata, Pemuda Dan Olahraga Kota Madiun. Waktu penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Juni-Agustus 2022. Teknik pengumpulan data yaitu survei dengan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi pada pengguna GOR Stadon Wilis Kota Madiun dan analisis datanya menggunakan analisis data deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Fasilitas GOR Stadion Wilismasuk dalam kategori gelanggang tipe B yang berstandar nasional, namun masih ada beberapa penambahan dan pembenahan fasilitas penunjang kegiatan olahraga, Pemakai GOR Stadion Wilis banyak yang kurang terpuaskan saat melakukan aktifitas olahraga, namun minat pemakai sangat tinggi dikarenakan murahnya biaya sewa dan keterjangkauan wilayah gelanggang olahraga, dan Manajemen pengelolaan fasilitas GOR Stadion Wilis kurang baik, dikeranakan masih banyaknya fasilitas yang harus ditambah dan dibenahi agar pemakai terpuaskan saat melakukan kegiatan olahraga disana Supaya dapat menjadi pertimbangan dan masukan bagi instansi terkait untuk lebih memperhatikan standarisasi fasilitas olahraga khususnya di kompleks GOR Stadion Wilis Kota Madiun. STANDARDIZATION ANALYSIS OF SPORTS FACILITIES IN THE GOR COMPLEX OF WILIS STADIUM IN MADIUN CITYAbstractsThis study aims to determine the standardization in field facilities at the sports arena (GOR) Wilis Stadium in Madiun. This research uses qualitative methods. The research was conducted at the Wilis Madiun Stadium GOR and the office of the Madiun City Culture, Tourism, Youth and Sports Office. The research was conducted in June-August 2022. Data collection techniques are surveys with interviews, observation and documentation techniques on GOR users of Stadion Wilis Madiun City and data analysis using descriptive data analysis. The results showed that the Wilis Stadium GOR Facility is included in the category of type B rinks with national standards, but there are still some additions and improvements to supporting sports activities. Many users of GOR Wilis Stadium are not satisfied when doing sports activities, but user interest is very high due to the low cost of rent and affordability of the sports arena area, and the management of Wilis Stadium GOR facilities management is not good, it is planned that there are still many facilities that must be added and improved so that users are satisfied when carrying out sports activities there So that it can be a consideration and input for related agencies to pay more attention to the standardization of sports facilities, especially in the GOR complex Wilis Stadium Madiun City.
PERBEDAAN NILAI SOSIAL PESERTA DIDIK EKSTRAKURIKULER OLAHRAGA DAN NON OLAHRAGA DI SMA TAMAN BHAKTI MADIUN Supriyanto, Agus; Fitri, Enggawati Nur; Nugroho, Sugeng Setia
Majalah Ilmiah Olahraga (MAJORA) Vol. 30 No. 1 (2024): Maret
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21831/majora.v30i1.74139

Abstract

Penelitian ini dilandasi latar belakang masih ada peserta didik yang mengikuti olahraga menunjukkan nilai sosial yang kurang baik sedangkan ekstrakurikuler non olahraga cenderung menunjukkan nilai sosial yang baik dengan disiplin dan mempersiapkan kegiatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan nilai sosial pada peserta didik yang mengikuti ektrakurikuler olahraga dengan peserta didik yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler non olahraga di SMA Taman Bhakti Madiun. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode survey. Subjek nya adalah peserta ekstrakurikuler di SMA Taman Bhakti Madiun. Instrument yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah angket. Teknik analisis data menggunakan Uji normalitas Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z, menggunakan uji homogenitas uji F dan menggunakan uji beda dengan uji-t untuk pengujian hipotesis dengan taraf sig. 5%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang telah diperoleh dengan analisis data dan pengujian hipotesis, maka dapat ditarik kesimpulan bahwa: "Ada perbedaan yang antara nilai-nilai sosial pada peserta didik yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler olahraga dengan peserta didik yang mengikuti ekstrakurikuler non olahraga". Secara lebih terperinci perbedaan tersebut dapat dilihat dari perbedaan rerata atau mean. Rerata nilai-nilai  sosial  peserta  didik yang  mengikuti  ektrakurikuler olahraga sebesar 132.78, dan Rerata nilai-nilai  sosial  peserta  didik yang  mengikuti  ektrakurikuler non olahraga sebesar 128.38. DIFFERENCES IN SOCIAL VALUES OF SPORTS AND NON-SPORTS EXTRACURRICULAR STUDENTS AT TAMAN BHAKTI MADIUN HIGH SCHOOLAbstractsThis research is based on the background that there are still students who take part in sports who show poor social values, while non-sports extracurriculars tend to show good social values by being disciplined and preparing for activities. The aim of this research is to determine the differences in social values between students who take part in sports extracurriculars and students who take part in non-sports extracurriculars at SMA Taman Bhakti Madiun. This research uses a survey method. The subjects were extracurricular participants at SMA Taman Bhakti Madiun. The instrument used in this research was a questionnaire. The data analysis technique uses the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Z normality test, uses the F test homogeneity test and uses the difference test with the t-test for hypothesis testing with a sig level. 5%. Based on the research results obtained by data analysis and hypothesis testing, it can be concluded that: "There is a difference between the social values of students who take part in sports extracurriculars and students who take part in non-sports extracurriculars." In more detail, these differences can be seen from the mean differences. The average social values of students who take part in sports extracurriculars are 132.78, and the average social values of students who take part in non-sports extracurriculars are 128.38.
Desain Telemedicine Asam Urat Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) Supriyanto, Agus; Nugroho, Andi Kurniawan; Heranurweni, Sri
Elektrika Vol. 15 No. 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Semarang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26623/elektrika.v15i1.6004

Abstract

Gout is the final metabolite of purines. Purines are part of the nucleic acids found in the nuclei of body cells. Increased gout can cause rheumatic pain in the joint area and is often associated with extreme pain for those exposed to the disease. Doctors need to monitor so that they can assist patients in monitoring and treatment. Gout detection devices are only available in hospitals, clinics, health centers, laboratories, and equipment that was previously portable but could not be controlled directly by a doctor. The purpose of this study is to help make it easier for doctors to monitor patients with gout remotely or telemedicine via the internet. The research method uses blood to determine gout levels using the Internet of Things. Data acquisition is carried out with a resistance sensor (Authocheck) which is processed by the Arduino microcontroller. The processed data is then sent to the ESP8266 web server via WiFi. The use of the Internet of Things as a data transmission method for online use does not require human-to-human interaction. The sensor resistance value in the analog range obtained is 441.03 to 782.32 with a sensor voltage of 1.91 to 3.82 volts. The measured gout level is between 4 mg/dL and 8 mg/dL. The percentage of measured data with an average accuracy of 95.74% and an average error rate of 4.26% for the seven test data. Data is displayed directly on the device's LCD screen and on a web server that sends data from the ESP8266. Keywords: gout, Internet of Things, resistance sensor (Autocheck), telemedicine, web server ABSTRAKAsam urat merupakan metabolit akhir dari purin. Purin adalah bagian dari asam nukleat yang ditemukan dalam inti sel tubuh. Asam urat yang meningkat dapat menyebabkan nyeri rematik di area persendian dan sering dikaitkan dengan rasa sakit yang luar biasa bagi yang terpapar penyakit. Dokter perlu memantau agar dapat membantu pasien dalam pemantauan dan pengobatan. Alat pendeteksi asam urat hanya terdapat di rumah sakit, klinik, puskesmas, laboratorium dan alat-alat yang sebelumnya portable namun tidak dapat dikontrol langsung oleh dokter. Tujuan dari penelitian ini membantu memudahkan dokter untuk memantau pasien dengan penyakit asam urat secara jarak jauh atau telemedicine melalui internet. Metode penelitian menggunakan darah untuk menentukan kadar asam urat menggunakan Internet of Things. Akuisisi data dilakukan dengan sensor resistansi (Authocheck) yang diproses oleh mikrokontroler Arduino. Data yang telah diproses kemudian dikirim ke web server ESP8266 melalui  WiFi. Penggunaan Internet of Things sebagai metode transmisi data untuk penggunaan secara online tidak memerlukan interaksi manusia ke  manusia. Nilai  resistansi sensor pada rentang analog yang diperoleh adalah 441,03 hingga 782,32 dengan tegangan sensor 1,91 hingga 3,82 volt. Kadar asam urat yang diukur adalah antara 4 mg/dL dan 8 mg/dL. Persentase data terukur dengan akurasi rata-rata 95,74% dan rata-rata tingkat kesalahan  4,26% untuk tujuh data uji. Data ditampilkan langsung di layar LCD perangkat dan di web server yang mengirimkan data dari ESP8266.
Performance Enhancement of Motorcycle Engines Using Lemongrass Oil-Based Fuel Additive Budi, Pangga Urip Setio; Suhara, Ade; Supriyanto, Agus; Patya, Dhea Intan; Khoirudin, Khoirudin; Nanda, Rizki Aulia
Journal of Mechanical Engineering, Science, and Innovation Vol 5, No 2 (2025): (October)
Publisher : Mechanical Engineering Department - Institut Teknologi Adhi Tama Surabaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31284/j.jmesi.2025.v5i2.7778

Abstract

The increasing number of motor vehicles has led to higher fuel consumption, especially among two-wheeled vehicles, contributing to elevated emissions of hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO). This study investigates the potential of lemongrass oil (LO) as natural additive to reduce exhaust emissions from RON 92 fuel. The LO was extracted via maceration and characterized by its physical properties, including density (0.893 g/mL), viscosity (5.30 mPa.s), and boiling point (222 °C), consistent with pure LO standards. The additive as then blended into RON 92 fuel in concentration of 10 mL, 15 mL, and 20 mL per 1000 mL of fuel to determine its optimal performance. Results showed that a 20 mL addition yielded the highest reduction in HC and CO emissions, respectively 49.76% and 46.24%. Furthermore, engine performance improved, with power increasing by 0.27 HP and torque by 0.21 Nm within an engine speed range of 5200-5700 rpm. These outcomes suggest that LO enhances combustion efficiency and reduces emissions. The findings highlight the potential of LO as an environmentally friendly fuel additive and supprt ongoing efforts to develop sustainable alternatives to conventional fossil fuels in Indonesia.
Implementasi Hukum Humaniter dan Perlindungan Warga Sipil dalam Konflik Israel-Palestina Beruh, Sri Marantika; Martiono, Frisdian; Susilo, Tarsisius; Haryana, Syaid; Supriyanto, Agus
Syntax Literate Jurnal Ilmiah Indonesia
Publisher : Syntax Corporation

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36418/syntax-literate.v10i5.59729

Abstract

The ongoing armed conflict between Israel and Palestine reflects the complexity of modern geopolitical contestation, characterized not only by military confrontation but also by widespread violations of fundamental principles of International Humanitarian Law (IHL). This study aims to analyze the gap between the normative framework of humanitarian law as outlined in the 1949 Geneva Conventions and their Additional Protocols and the empirical practices observed on the battlefield, particularly concerning the protection of civilians and non-military infrastructure. Employing a juridical-normative method and a technocratic-institutional approach, this research examines the legal and institutional dimensions that hinder the effective enforcement of IHL. The findings reveal that, in addition to the low level of state actor compliance with the principles of distinction, proportionality, and precaution, the weakened role of the United Nations Security Council and the limited jurisdictional reach of the International Criminal Court exacerbate the culture of impunity for war crimes. Based on these findings, the study recommends a structural reform of international institutions, including the reconfiguration of supranational legal authority independent of political vetoes, and the strengthening of a collaborative, adaptive legal framework for civilian protection. This study aspires to offer a strategic contribution toward reinforcing international legal governance in responding to increasingly asymmetric and destructive contemporary armed conflicts.
The Influence of Acid and Cooking Methods on The Quality of Fish Meal Processed from by-products of Catfish Fillet Processing Suryaningrum, Theresia Dwi; Ellya, Ellya; Fateha, Fateha; Setiawati, Natalia Prodiana; Mardiyana, Indri; Supriyanto, Agus; Nurhayati, Nurhayati; Giyatmi, Giyatmi
Squalen, Buletin Pascapanen dan Bioteknologi Kelautan dan Perikanan Vol 18, No 3 (2023): December 2023
Publisher : :Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research and Human Resources, Indonesia

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15578/squalen.800

Abstract

Catfish fillet processing produces a by-product dominated by heads (25- 28%) and bones (11-13%). This study aims to process fish meal from by- products of catfish using different treatments, namely soaking in a 4% formic acid solution (F) and a 4% hydrochloric acid solution (H), as well as cooking techniques involving boiling (R) and steaming (K). Observations were made on the yield, pH, proximate analysis, calcium content, NPN (non-protein nitrogen), TBA (thiobarbituric acid), microbiological tests, sensory evaluation, and amino acid profiles. The research showed that soaking in acid caused a decrease in pH, protein content, and TBA and increased the fat content of the resulting fish meal. The optimal treatment for the highest quality fish meal is steaming without acid treatment. In this treatment, the protein content meet  the requirements of the SNI 01.2725.01.2013 as grade 3 fish meal, with a yield of 22.83%, a pH of 6.86, a moisture content of 6.2 ± 0.3%, an ash content  of 27.33 ± 0.7%, and a protein content of 45.5 ± 1.3%. Analysis of the amino acid profile of fish meal from that treatment showed a better amino acid composition compared to commercial fish meal. The fish meal  contained essential amino acids in sufficient quantities, with higher levels compared to the amino acid standards set by FAO/WHO 2013 for human nutritional needs, and met the requirements as a nutritional ingredient for fish and livestock feed.
Co-Authors -, Bohari Abdul Mahfudin Alim Adhitiya, Damarnur Ilalang Adillah, Luthfiana Nur Afdal Makkuraga Putra Affandi, Moch Afiludin, Muhamammad Habib Afroga Muhhakat Destri Putra Agung Satrio Nugroho Agung Wahyu Nugroho, Agung Wahyu Agungbudiprabowo, Agungbudiprabowo Agungbudiprabowo, Agungbudiprabowo Ahmad Nasrulloh Ahmadi, Muhammad Didi Akhmad Abdul Hakim Alfiah Hayati Alfisyahr, Layli Noor Alhadi, Said Aliani, Fahrida Alimuddin - Alivia, Siti Almando Geraldi Amanda, Putri Amien Wahyudi Amien Wahyudi Amin Ash Shabah, Musyaffa Amir Amir Amir Amir Amir Amri Abdulah Ana Mariatul Khiftiyah Anantadjaya, Samuel PD Andi Kurniawan Nugroho Anjar Tri Wibowo Anwar Sutoyo Ardhika Falaahudin Arif Budi Prasetya Arif Budi Prasetya Arif Chasanul Muna Arneni, Wanda Dya Ash Shabah, Musyaffa Amin Ash-Shabah, Musyaffa Amin Assalam, Malik Augusto Da Costa Aulia Nanda, Rizki Ayu Tri Wahyuni Aziz, M. Abdul Babay Baqiyatussolihat Bagus Sediadi Bandol Utomo, Bagus Sediadi Bandol Bambang Kusbandrijo Bambang Suprihatin Bambang Suprihatin Bambang Suprihatin Bambang Suprihatin Baqiyatussolihat, Babay Barthos, Megawati Basirrudin, Muhammad Basuki Rahmat Masdi Siduppa Bayu Aji Saputra Beruh, Sri Marantika Brigita Nur Diyan Agustiana Budi Aryanto Budi Astuti Budi Astuti Budi, Pangga Urip Setio Budiansyah, Ade Cepi Cari, Cari Chalid, Muchamad Chandrasa Soekardi Claudy Desya Wiretna Costa, Augusto Da Danny Eka Wahyu Saputra Dela Dwi Alawiyah Devi Tirtawirya Devita Ayu Mei Dina Dewantoro, Hajar Dewi, Kirana Prama Dian Kristianto Diana Natalia Didi Ahmadi, Muhammad Dinda Aulia Djoko Widodo Dodi Mulyadi Dodi Mulyadi Dwi Darmawan Hidayat Dwi Fatmawati, Dwi Dwi Kusuma Wahyuni Dwi Putranti Dwi Winarni Dwi Yuwono Puji Sugiharto, Dwi Yuwono Puji Dwiyanto, Didiek Edi Susanto Ediyanto Ekawati, Jihan Intan Ellya, Ellya Elumalai, Gunathevan Fadillah, Hafidz Maulana Fagustina, Anis Faisal Santiago, Faisal Farid Ardyansyah Farida Ariyani Fateha, Fateha Fathurrahman Fathurrahman Fatimah fatimah Fatimah Fatoni, Muhamad Fauziah, Mufied Febrionny, Princessa Nandita Fera Hayani Harahap Firli Rahmah Primula Dewi Fitri, Enggawati Nur Fransiska, Dina FX Sugiyanto Ghufron Abdullah Giyatmi Giyatmi Gunawan Widjaja Hadian Mandala Putra Hanannika, Laudhira Kinantya Hananto, Agustia Harahap, Fera Hayani Hardi Prasetiawan Hari Eko Irianto Haryana, Syaid Hayatun Nufus Hendiani, Nurlita HENDRATNO Hibaitulah, Hasbi Hikmawan, Muhammad Aslam Husni, Ahmad I Ketut R. Sudiarditha I NYOMAN SANTIAWAN, I NYOMAN Ifah Munifah Ikasari, Diah Imam Mandriyanto Iman Darmawan, Iman Imtinan, Salsabila Indah Choiriyah Indah Fahmiyah Indah Sulistyowati, Indah Indra Gumelar Intan Ayu Pratiwi, Intan Ayu Irdasari, Wahyu Nila Irfanudin, Hafidz Irvan Budhi Handaka Irvan Budhi Handaka, Irvan Budhi Izna Faizarahma Sajidulloh Jamal Basmal, Jamal Joko Santoso Joko Widodo Junairiah Junairiah Karismayani, Made Karyadi Karyadi Karyadi Khamid Budiman Khiftiyah, Ana Khoirudin Khoirudin, Khoirudin Kusumaningrum, Wida Banar Kusumawati, Zunita Dyah Langgeng Ristri Fauzi Lidiawati, Neng Astri Lismadiana Lukas, Ahmad M. Arif Hakim Magfiroh, Ani Manikya Pramudya Marbun, Diansyah Mardi Mardi Mardiyana, Indri Martiono, Frisdian Maulana, M. Rifki Miftahul, Aulia Moch. 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