Article Per Year (5 Year)
p-Index From 2021 - 2026
31.323
P-Index
This Author published in this journals
All Journal Jurnal Akuntansi (Media Riset Akuntansi & Keuangan) JAM : Jurnal Aplikasi Manajemen Jurnal Manajemen Indonesia Jurnal EMT KITA Kelola: Journal of Islamic Education Management Edukasi Islami: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam SEIKO : Journal of Management & Business E-Mabis: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen dan Bisnis Pena Justisia: Media Komunikasi dan Kajian Hukum Jurnal Mantik Jurnal Akuntansi dan Keuangan JURMA : Jurnal Program Mahasiswa Kreatif Jurnal Scientia International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development Studi Ilmu Manajemen dan Organisasi International Journal of Educational Review, Law And Social Sciences (IJERLAS) Jurnal Info Sains : Informatika dan Sains Multidiciplinary Output Research for Actual and International Issue (Morfai Journal) INVOICE : JURNAL ILMU AKUNTANSI International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) J-MIND (Jurnal Manajemen Indonesia) International Journal of Social Science, Educational, Economics, Agriculture Research, and Technology (IJSET) Jurnal Ekonomi, Bisnis dan Manajemen Journal of Social And Economics Research Journal of Management Analytical and Solution International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary International Review of Practical Innovation, Technology and Green Energy (IRPITAGE) Journal of Accounting Research, Utility Finance and Digital Assets (JARUDA) Zona Manajerial: Program Studi Manajemen (S1) Universitas Batam International Conference on Health Science, Green Economics, Educational Review and Technology (IHERT) Jurnal Riset Akuntansi Business and Investment Review International Journal of Economics, Management and Accounting Riset Ilmu Manajemen Bisnis dan Akuntansi Jurnal Nuansa: Publikasi Ilmu Manajemen dan Ekonomi Syariah Akuntansi: Jurnal Riset Ilmu Akuntansi Jurnal Penelitian Ilmu Ekonomi dan Keuangan Syariah Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi (JIMEA) Journal of Islamic Economics and Finance Santri : Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan Islam Al-Kharaj: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan & Bisnis Syariah Advances In Social Humanities Research Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan Indonesia Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Akuntansi Pajak dan Kebijakan Ekonomi Digital Jurnal Inovasi Ekonomi Syariah dan Akuntansi Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia Journal Of Management Analytical and Solution (JoMAS) International Journal of Economics, Commerce, and Management International Journal of Economics and Management Sciences Jurnal Solusi Masyarakat Dikara Jurnal Sistem Informasi, Akuntansi dan Manajemen Jurnal Bisnis, Ekonomi Syariah dan Pajak Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Digital Terkini journal of social and economic research Ecobankers : Journal of Economy and Banking Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic Business Studies Journal of Multidisciplinary Academic and Practice Studies International Journal of Economics and Management Research
Muammar Khaddafi
Universitas Malikussaleh
Religion Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Arts Humanities Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Computer Science & IT Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Economics, Econometrics & Finance Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Health Professions Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Library & Information Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Physics Public Health Social Sciences Other

Published : 287 Documents Claim Missing Document
Claim Missing Document
Check
Articles

Found 36 Documents
Search

 1   2   3   4 
THE EFFECT OF UNDERSTANDING TAX REGULATIONS, UNDERSTANDING TAX ACCOUNTING, AND APPLICATION OF MODERN TAX ADMINISTRATION SYSTEM ON TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE WITH PERSONAL PERSONS WITH TAXATION SANCTIONS AS MODERATING VARIABLES: SURVEY ON INDIVIDUAL TAXPAYERS REGISTERED AT KPP PRATAMA BATAM SELATAN Afdal, Afdal; Satriawan, Bambang; Robin, Robin; Irfan, Irfan; Khaddafi, Muammar
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 2 No. 5 (2022): October
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v2i5.456

Abstract

Taxpayer compliance is a condition where the taxpayer fulfills all tax obligations and exercises tax rights. The purpose of this study is to determine whether there is an effect of understanding tax regulations, understanding tax accounting, and the application of a modern tax administration system on individual taxpayer compliance with tax sanctions as a moderating variable at the South Batam Primary Tax Office. The population in this study amounted to 67,957 individual taxpayers who are required to report taxes. The sampling technique used is simple random sampling and convenience sampling with the sample using the Slovin formula so that the research sample is 100 individual taxpayers. Methods of data collection using a questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Square (PLS) with model analysis, namely the measurement model or the outer model and the structural model or the inner model. The results showed that the understanding of tax regulations had a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance. The path coefficient was 0.208 and the P-Values value was 0.018 <0.05. Understanding tax accounting has a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance, the path coefficient is 0.624 and the P-Values is 0.000 <0.05. The application of a modern tax administration system has a significant positive effect on taxpayer compliance with a path coefficient of 0.357 and a P-value of 0.000 <0.05. Tax sanctions have a significant negative effect on taxpayer compliance with a path coefficient of -0. 299 and the P-Values value is 0.000 < 0.05. Tax sanctions moderate the relationship between understanding tax regulations and taxpayer compliance. Tax sanctions moderate the relationship between understanding tax accounting and taxpayer compliance. Tax sanctions do not moderate the relationship between the application of the tax administration system to taxpayer compliance.
THE EFFECT OF FREE CASH FLOW, LEVERAGE AND PROFITABILITY ON DIVIDEND POLICY THROUGH CASH HOLDING ON PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES LISTED ON THE EXCHANGE INDONESIA EFFECT Yulizartika, Yulizartika; Satriawan, Bambang; Robin, Robin; Khaddafi, Muammar; Wibisono, Chablullah
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 2 No. 6 (2022): December
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v2i6.458

Abstract

This study aims to analyze Free Cash Flow, Leverage, and Profitability that affect Dividend Policy with Cash Holding as an intervening variable in Pharmaceutical companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017-2021. The population in this study amounted to 12 companies. The sample selection method used purposive sampling technique, so the number of samples used was 8 companies. The number of observations used is 40 observations. The type of data used is secondary data with data analysis techniques used, namely panel data regression analysis with multiple linear regression tests and path analysis using Eviews software. The results showed that Free Cash Flow had a positive and insignificant effect on Dividend Policy, Leverage, Profitability and Cash Holding have no significant negative effect on Dividend Policy. Free Cash Flow and Profitability have a significant positive effect on Cash Ownership. Leverage has a negative and insignificant effect on Cash Holding. Cash Holding can only mediate Leverage on Dividend Policy
EFFECT OF WORK FROM HOME ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE THROUGH MOTIVATION, JOB SATISFACTION, AND WORK ENVIRONMENT AS INTERVENING VARIABLES AT PT CITRA TUBINDO TBK Engelin Manopo, Maya; Khaddafi, Muammar; Catra Yasa, I Wayan; Satriawan , Bambang; Fatahurrazak, Fatahurrazak
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 2 No. 6 (2022): December
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v2i6.459

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine and analyze the effect of work from home on employee performance through motivation, job satisfaction, and work environment as intervening variables. The method used in this study is a quantitative method. Collecting data using questionnaires and distributed to 111 respondents. Statistical data analysis using SEM-PLS (Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square) and using path analysis to test the pattern of relationships that reveal the influence of variables on other variables, both direct and indirect effects assisted by SmartPLS ver.3.0 software. The results in this study indicate that Work From Home has a positive and significant effect on employee performance with a P-value of 0.000 <0.05. Work From Home has a positive and significant effect on Motivation P-value of 0.000 <0.05. Work From Home has a positive and significant effect on Job Satisfaction P-value of 0.000 <0.05. Work From Home has a positive and insignificant effect on the work environment. P-value is 0.679>0.05. Motivation has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance P-value of 0.000 <0.05. Job Satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance P-value of 0.003 <0.05. Work Environment has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance P-value of 0.000 <0.05. Work From Home has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance through Motivation P-value of 0.007 <0.05. Work From Home has a positive and significant effect on Employee Performance through Job Satisfaction P-value of 0.007 <0.05. Work From Home has a positive and insignificant effect on Employee Performance through the Work Environment P-value of 0.884> 0.05.
THE INFLUENCE OF PROFITABILITY, LIQUIDITY AND LEVERAGE ON STOCK RETURN WITH DIVIDEND POLICY AS A MODERATION VARIABLE IN COMPANIES LISTED IN THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE LQ45 INDEX Julianti, Merline; Khaddafi, Muammar; Robin, Robin; Satriawan, Bambang
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 2 No. 6 (2022): December
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v2i6.460

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of profitability, liquidity and leverage on stock returns and determine the ability of dividend policy in moderating the relationship between profitability, liquidity and leverage on stock returns in companies listed on the LQ45 index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The sample used in this study are companies listed on the LQ45 index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange which have retained earnings, pay dividends for three consecutive years and use Rupiah currency. The data analysis method used in this research is multiple linear regression analysis method. This study was conducted with a total of 20 samples of companies listed on the LQ45 index of the Indonesia Stock Exchange from the period 2019 to 2021. The results of data testing partially found that profitability and liquidity had a significant positive effect on stock returns, while leverage had a negative and insignificant effect on stock returns. . The results of testing the moderating data conclude that dividend policy is not able to moderate the relationship between profitability and liquidity to stock returns, while dividend policy is able to moderate the relationship between leverage and stock returns.
THE EFFECT OF TAX KNOWLEDGE, UNDERSTANDING TAX REGULATIONS, AND APPLICATION OF E-FILLING SYSTEM, ON TAXPAYER COMPLIANCE WITH MSME AGENCY WITH TAXATION SOCIALIZATION AS A MODERATING VARIABLE (Survey of WP for SMEs Registered at Kpp Pratama South Batam in 2 Silaban, Amon; Robin, Robin; Satriawan, Bambang; Irfan, Irfan; Khaddafi, Muammar; Chablullahwibisono, Chablullahwibisono
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 2 No. 6 (2022): December
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v2i6.461

Abstract

This study aims to analyze and provide empirical evidence about the effect of tax knowledge, understanding of tax regulations, and the application of the e-filling system on taxpayer compliance with tax socialization as a moderator. The population of this study is MSME corporate taxpayers registered at KPP Pratama Batam Selatan with a total population of 14,483 taxpayers. This study uses the Slovin formula to obtain a sample of 99 taxpayers. This study uses primary data and secondary data with a quantitative approach. The primary data collection method is through a questionnaire which is measured using a Likert scale, while secondary data is obtained from the Directorate General of Taxes through the application of e-research data. Data analysis method using Partial Least Square (PLS) with SmartPLS application. The test results show that tax knowledge has a significant effect on taxpayer compliance with a P-Value of 0.003 <0.05. Understanding of tax regulations has a significant effect on taxpayer compliance with a P-Value value of 0.000 <0.05, but the implementation of the e-filling system has a significant negative effect on taxpayer compliance. Tax socialization moderates the relationship between tax knowledge and the implementation of the e-filling system on taxpayer compliance. Meanwhile, taxation socialization does not moderate the relationship between understanding of tax regulations and taxpayer compliance. This moderating effect is called predictor moderation. Understanding of tax regulations has a significant effect on taxpayer compliance with a P-Value value of 0.000 <0.05, but the implementation of the e-filling system has a significant negative effect on taxpayer compliance. Tax socialization moderates the relationship between tax knowledge and the implementation of the e-filling system on taxpayer compliance. Meanwhile, taxation socialization does not moderate the relationship between understanding of tax regulations and taxpayer compliance. This moderating effect is called predictor moderation. Understanding of tax regulations has a significant effect on taxpayer compliance with a P-Value value of 0.000 <0.05, but the implementation of the e-filling system has a significant negative effect on taxpayer compliance. Tax socialization moderates the relationship between tax knowledge and the implementation of the e-filling system on taxpayer compliance. Meanwhile, taxation socialization does not moderate the relationship between understanding of tax regulations and taxpayer compliance. This moderating effect is called predictor moderation. Meanwhile, taxation socialization does not moderate the relationship between understanding of tax regulations and taxpayer compliance. This moderating effect is called predictor moderation. Meanwhile, taxation socialization does not moderate the relationship between understanding of tax regulations and taxpayer compliance. This moderating effect is called predictor moderation.
THE EFFECT OF LEVERAGE, INVENTORY TURNOVER AND SALES GROWTH ON PROFIT GROWTH WITH FIRM SIZE AS MODERATING VARIABLES IN FOOD AND BEVERAGE COMPANIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE 2016 - 2021 Uli Bastanta S, Citra; Fachrudin, Fachrudin; Satriawan, Bambang; Robin, Robin; Khaddafi, Muammar
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 2 No. 6 (2022): December
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v2i6.462

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of Leverage, Inventory Turnover, and Sales Growth on Profit Growth with Firm Size as a moderating variable in Food and Beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2016-2021. This study uses secondary data. This study uses a purposive sampling technique with a sample of 10 companies. The data analysis technique used is moderated regression analysis (MRA) with the help of the student version of SmartPLS 3.29. Based on the test results, it is known that the Leverage variable as measured by DER has a negative and insignificant effect on Profit Growth, with a significance value of 0.075 where the significance value of DER is greater than 0.05. Inventory Turnover has a positive and significant effect on Profit Growth, with a significance value of 0.038 where the ITO significance value is less than 0.05. Sales Growth has a positive and significant effect on Profit Growth, with a significance value of 0.000 where the significance value of SG is less than 0.05. Firm Size has a negative and significant effect on Profit Growth with a significance value of 0.023 where the significance value of FS is less than 0.05. Firm Size does not moderate the effect of DER on Profit Growth with a significance of 0.839 greater than 0.05. Firm Size does not moderate the effect of ITO on Profit Growth with a significance of 0.332 greater than 0.05. Firm Size does not moderate the effect of SG on Profit Growth with a significance of 0.223 greater than 0.05
THE EFFECT OF DIVIDEND POLICY, MANAGERIAL OWNERSHIP AND PROFITABILITY ON COMPANY VALUE WITH CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DISCLOSURE AS MODERATING VARIABLES IN THE BANKING SECTOR LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE 2017-2021 Risa, Fitria; Fachrudin, Fachrudin; Satriawan, Bambang; Robin, Robin; Khaddafi, Muammar; Wibisono, Chablullah
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 2 No. 6 (2022): December
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v2i6.463

Abstract

This study aims to analyze dividend policy, managerial ownership and profitability of firm value by disclosing Corporate Social Responsibility as a Moderating Variable in banking companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017-2021. The population in this study were 46 banking companies. The sample selection method used purposive sampling technique, so the number of samples used was 17 banking companies. The number of observations used is 85 observations. The type of data used is secondary data with the data analysis technique used is panel data regression analysis with multiple linear regression test using Eviews software. The results show that dividend policy has a positive but not significant effect on firm value, Managerial Ownership has a positive but not significant effect on Firm Value, and Profitability has a positive but not significant effect on Firm Value. Corporate Social Responsibility is not able to moderate dividend habits on firm value, Corporate Social Responsibility is able to moderate managerial ownership on firm value, and Corporate Social Responsibility is able to moderate profitability to firm value.
THE EFFECT OF RETURN ON ASSETS, INVENTORY TURNOVER AND DEBT TO EQUITY RATIO ON STOCK PRICES WITH EARNINGS PER SHAREAS MODERATING VARIABLES IN COMPANIES TECHNOLOGIES LISTED ON THE INDONESIA STOCK EXCHANGE Herlambang, Guntur; Satriawan, Bambang; Robin, Robin; Wibisono, Chablullah; Khaddafi, Muammar
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 2 No. 6 (2022): December
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v2i6.464

Abstract

This study aims to examine the effect of Return on Assets, Inventory Turnover, Debt to Equity Ratio, on stock prices with Earning Per Share as a moderating variable in technology sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2017-2021. This study uses secondary data. This study uses a purposive sampling technique with a sample of 8. The data analysis technique used is moderated regression analysis (MRA) with the help of Eviews 10 software. Based on the test results, it is known that the ROA variable has a negative and insignificant effect on stock prices, with the significance value is 0.953 where the ROA significance value is greater than 0.05, thus the first hypothesis (H1) is not accepted. The next result is that ITO has a negative and insignificant effect on stock prices, with a significance value of 0.542 where the ITO significance value is greater than 0.05, thus the second hypothesis (H2) is not accepted. Then DER has a negative and insignificant effect on stock prices, with a significance value of 0.522 where the significance value of DER is greater than 0.05, thus the third hypothesis (H3) is not accepted. Furthermore, EPS has a positive and significant effect on stock prices, with a significance value of 0.000 where the EPS significance value is less than 0.05, thus the fourth hypothesis (H4) is accepted. The probability value of EPS moderation on ROA is 0.000 where the value is less than 0.05. This means that EPS moderates the effect of ROA on stock prices, this means (H5) is accepted, the probability value of EPS moderation against ITO is 0.001 where the value is less than 0.05. This means that EPS moderates the effect of ITO on stock prices, this means that (H6) is accepted. The probability value of EPS moderation on DER is 0.014 where the value is smaller than 0.05. This means that EPS moderates the effect of DER on stock prices. This means that (H7) is accepted.
THE INFLUENCE OF WORK FACILITIES, JOB PLACEMENT, AND WORK PRESSURE ON PERFORMANCE THROUGH WORK MOTIVATION AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE IN THE WORK UNIT OF SPECIAL ANTI-TERROR DETACHMENT 88 AT POLRI MABES Maulana, Ervindo; Satriawan, Bambang; Khaddafi, Muammar; Titik Windayati, Diana; Fatahurrazak, Fatahurrazak
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 2 No. 6 (2022): December
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v2i6.475

Abstract

Every organization is often faced with problems regarding the performance of its personnel. Every leader in a work unit will always try to ensure that every activity carried out achieves maximum results and is carried out effectively and efficiently. In order to achieve the desired level of effectiveness and efficiency, the work unit must have a good work system or have good performance. Therefore, the performance of personnel is very dependent on the good or bad performance of the organization. Where the performance of an organization depends on the performance of its personnel which is the motor for the running of the work unit. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of work facilities, work placements, and work pressure on performance through work motivation as an intervening variable in the Special Detachment 88 Anti-Terror Unit of the National Police at the National Police Headquarters with a total of 350 personnel. Sampling in this study amounted to 188 samples. In this study, the sampling technique used was proportional sampling using the Slovin formula. The research method uses an associative method with a quantitative approach with analysis of Partial Least Square (PLS) analysis techniques with the SmartPLS Version 4.0 program. The results of this study state that the work facility variable has a positive and significant effect on performance. The work placement variable has a positive and insignificant effect on performance. The work pressure variable has a positive and significant effect on performance. Work motivation variable has a positive and significant effect on performance. The work facility variable has a positive and significant effect on work motivation. The work placement variable has a positive and significant effect on work motivation. The work pressure variable has a positive and insignificant effect on work motivation. Work motivation variable is able to mediate the effect of work facilities on performance. The work motivation variable is able to mediate the effect of work placement on performance. The work motivation variable has not been able to mediate the effect of work pressure on performance. The work pressure variable has a positive and insignificant effect on work motivation. Work motivation variable is able to mediate the effect of work facilities on performance. The work motivation variable is able to mediate the effect of work placement on performance. The work motivation variable has not been able to mediate the effect of work pressure on performance. The work pressure variable has a positive and insignificant effect on work motivation. Work motivation variable is able to mediate the effect of work facilities on performance. The work motivation variable is able to mediate the effect of work placement on performance. The work motivation variable has not been able to mediate the effect of work pressure on performance.
THE EFFECT OF WORK ENVIRONMENT, ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT AND INCENTIVES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF THE STATE CIVIL APPARATUS THROUGH THE QUALITY OF PUBLIC SERVICES AS AN INTERVENING VARIABLE IN THE OFFICE OF THE REGIONAL REGIONAL AGENCY OF RIAU ISLANDS Habibi, Habibi; Ngaliman, Ngaliman; Gita Indrawan, Mohammad; Khaddafi, Muammar; Wibisono, Chablullah
International Journal of Economic, Business, Accounting, Agriculture Management and Sharia Administration (IJEBAS) Vol. 2 No. 6 (2022): December
Publisher : CV. Radja Publika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.54443/ijebas.v2i6.478

Abstract

This research was conducted to determine the influence, work environment, organizational commitment and state civil apparatus incentives on performance through the quality of public service. The research method used is descriptive quantitative, namely providing an explanation of the work environment description, organizational commitment and incentives of state civil servants on performance through the quality of public services. The sampling technique used in this study is the census sample method, namely the technique of determining the sample when all members of the population are used as samples. Because the total population in the study was 183 people, the entire population was also used as the research sample. The data collection technique in this study used an online questionnaire as a data collection technique designed based on previous literature and research which will be distributed to all ASNs in the Riau Islands Regional Revenue Agency Office. The instrument is calibrated using item validity and reliability coefficient. Validity was tested using SEM-PLS analysis with the help of SmartPLS software. Based on the research results, there are ten conclusions that are relevant to the problems studied in this study.
Co-Authors - Afrizal Abbas, Damanhur Abdul Azis Abet Alpha Pardede Abyadi, Syaidil Adam Afiezan Adam Afiezan Addina Fasya Ade Andriana Salsabila Ade Rahmah Ade Sulistiawati Adi Saputra Adi Wijaya, Siswoyo Adinda Purnama Sari Adraqal Mona Ady Hermawan Afdal Afdal, Afdal Afni Dinda Anggreani Afrinanda Afwindra, Firdaus Agung Ahadian Zulseptriadi Ahmad Fauzi Sarumpaet Ainun Marziah Ainun Rodiyah Marpaung Ajeng Retno Anggraini Ajeng Retno Anggriani Al Syauqan Alfiah, Agry Alfian, Dedi Ali Sarpudin Alia Fawwaz Alistraja Dison Silalahi Almansa Fitra, Mohamad Amanda Putri Wijaya Amelia Nuranjani Amelia Widya Saputri, Meta Amri Sirait Ananda Feby Azzahra Andre Resta Ferdian Andri Buang Andri Saputra Andrian, Nopy Andy Achmad Andykhatria, Andykhatria Angelina E. Rumengan Anggini Widya Putri Anggun Putrianti Rahman Anis Agita Anis Atiqa Fadly Lubis Anis Atiqha Fadly Lubis Anis Maulia Putri Anis Shafa Anisa Fitrah Anisa Fitrah Nasution Anjani, A. N Annesa Dianty Darwin Annisa Desviana Annisa Sagala Apriani Apriani Apriani, Novi Aprianingsih Ardhimansyah, Trio Ardi Wiranata Hutasoit ARDIANSYAH ARDIANSYAH Ardiyansyah Ari Wahyudi Aribowo, Kuncoro Arief Habibie, Mohammad Arliansyah Arliansyah, Arliansyah Armen Armen Siagian Armidah Armidah Armidah Arsyntha Permatasari, Rizka Artauli Mahdalena Br Sinaga Aryani, Risa Asma Asma Asmara Dewi Asmaul Husna Asmimi Basri Asnah Putri Asnah Ritonga Asry Ady Bakri Astina Siagian Astriani, Fitri Athaya Hargita Atik, Atik Aulia Santika Aura Lara Julianti Lumban Tobing Auzar Ayunita Ayunita Ayunita Azhar Humam Martua Hasibuan Azman Azwandi Azwandi Azzahra, A. F Balqis Humaira BAMBANG SATRIAWAN Beni Hartono Brian Kawasi Bustani, Bustani Caesarah Diana Wati Hasibuan Catra Asa, I Wayan Catra Yasa, I Wayan Catrayasa, I Wayan Cessarani Syah Anggi Pane Chablullah Wibisono Chablullahwibisono, Chablullahwibisono Chabullah Wibisono Chairil Anwar Chairy Ramadhan Chalirafi Chalirafi, Chalirafi Cheren Putri Chessy Luviana Helmi Chikmah Dona Sunita Citra Lestari Cut Khaisa Ulvia Cut Mutia D, Damanhur Daffin Mandala Putra Dahliana Damsar Daniel Darma Dewi Darwin, Annesa Dianty Deby Ayu Octarinda Deddy Surachmad Dedi Alfian Delia Safitri Desi Efna Desi Susanti Dessy Mita Mariana Malau Desy Rizkia Deviani, Yola Dewi Agustina Dewi Anggraeni, Poppy Dewi, Nolla Puspita Diah Asdiany Diana Titik Dilla Amanda Dina Rahayu Dini Rahma Sani Dix Wendy Saragih Donny Firmansyah Donny Hartanto Dwi Atmojo WP Dwi Firda Dwi Handoko, Susanto Dwi Junila Sari Dyan Anggrea Ningrum Eddy Riyanto Oemar Husein Edy Purnomo Efna, Desi Eggy syahputra Eka Khairani Eka Yanti Eko Purwanto, Zulkifli Eleonora Rumengan, Angelina Eliana Eliana Elkarima, Naseha Elke Dwi Soraya Elvitri Elvitri EM Yusuf Iis Engelin Manopo, Maya Erick Santana Erik Mario Sihotang Erisna Dewi Ariyani Erisusanto, Roy Erlina Erlina Erni Lubis Euriver Zega Eva Agustina, Eva Eva Kogoya Eva, Kemistia Evi Handayani, Evi Evi Juliani F, Falahuddin F, Fuadi Fachrudin Fachrudin Fadhila Zhabila Fadliyah Anas Tjatoer Faisal Fajri Ramadan Fajri Ramadhan Fakhrul Razak Falahuddin, Falahuddin Fanni Okan Perdana Fantastic, Chevy Farah Fadila Faraisha Syahryanna Fatahurrazak Fatanah Azzahra Adifa Fatimah Kumala Fauzi Pakpahan Fauzul Hakim Hasibuan, Ahmad Fazillah Turrahmi Fa’ahakhododo, Fa’ahakhododo Febrianto Rinaldi Febro Febrian Pratama Febryanti, Eka Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah Ferdiansyah Fetty Herlina Filya Fatriasari Fita Hermaya Fitria Lestari Pujiastuti Franto Tonggi Tampubolon Friska Sihombing, Elisabet Fuadi Fuadi Fuadi Fuja Mastiara Gana Vige Ortega Ganar Septyadi Ghazali Syamni Giantoro Rudiman Gita Indrawan, M. Gita Indrawan, Mohamad Gita Indrawan, Mohammad Habibi Habibi Hairul Halimah Halimah Halimatul Saqdiah Haluddin, Rusdin Hamdiah Handoko Gotama, William Hanum, Syarifah Harfa Fabryana Harahap Harry Setiawan Hasan Hazrina Panjaitan Heikal, Mohd Heikal, Mohd. Hendika Siringoringo Hendra Aris Hendra Harmain Hendri Maulana Hendriyan Syahputra Henny Irawati Herbert Manurung Heri Purwandi Heri Wibowo Herlambang, Guntur Herlambang, Wira Hidayanti Hidayanti Hidayat Hidayat Hidayatussaadah Hidayatussaadah Hidayatussa’adah Hilmi Hutasoit, Hasudungan I Gede Iwan Sudipa Icha Riani Ichsan Ichsan idawarni idawarni Idhar Yahya Ikramul Hadi Inda Husna Fatwa Indah Nirwana Sari Indra Indrawan, Mohamad Gita Indrayani Indrayani , Indrayani INDRAYANI INDRAYANI Indri Gemi Nestiti Indriani Azzahra Indriyani Ira Wahyuni Ira Wardeni Irada Sinta Irawati Irma Safitri Isdawati Iskandar Muda Ismoyo, Riky Iswadi Iswadi Ak Iswadi Iswadi Iwan Henri Kusnadi Iwan Kurniawan Jerry Setiawan, Ikram Juanda, Reza Julianti, Merline Jumadiah Jumadil Saputra Juni Purnama Wati Kamilia Inda Tuffahati Karina insani tumangger Katherine Kho Kenedi, Jon Kenedy, T. Fazrial Keulana Erwin Kevin Wantoper Khaidir Khaira Khirnika Khairil Khairun Nisa Kristina Harahap Kurnia Diana Kurnianto, Nugra Kurniawan, Ady Laina Fitri Larasati siregar Lestari Lestari Lie Lie Liharyanti, Uci Likdanawati Lili Hendrayani Linda Puji Kusuma Liza Ulfitri Lizania Syahputri Lizania Syahputri Lorehan Septiadi, Dewo Lubis , Erni Luciana kartini Simanjuntak Lukmannulhakim Putra Lumanto, Lumanto M Aulia Fitra Purba M Eggy Atami M Rajagukguk, Juanroy M, Munandar M. Aulia Fitra Purba M. Ibnu Suganda M. Oscar M. Yusuf Sirat Mahruzal Mahdi Maidola Harmiati Maisaro Majied Sumatrani Saragih, Maulana Mangara Mangasi Sinurat Mardalena Mardian Adma Gumilang Maria Susanti, Eka Marjulin Marlina Marzuki Marzuki Mauizatul Hasanah Maulana, Ervindo Mawarni Mawarni Mega Yuwanda Merwati Waruwu Meylani Yopi, Rezita Milanie, Feby Mira Ryanti Mirza Noer Rahman Misratul Izza MMSI Irfan ,S. Kom Mohamad Gita Indrawan Mohd Heikal Mohd. Heikal Muchsin Muchsin Mudrikah Muhamad Riszki Muhammad Asraf Muhammad Eggy Atamy Muhammad Fajar Erdiawan Muhammad Gita Indrawan Muhammad Ikram MUHAMMAD ILHAM Muhammad Isan Muhammad Multazam Muhammad Rizki Al Gadri Muhammad Saukas Nur Muhammad Tabrani Mujiburrahman Mukmin Sagala Mulyadi Mulyadi Munandar Munandar Munandar Munawarah Munawarah, Munawarah Murhaban Murhaban Murnianty, Dwi Mursal Mursal Mursidah Mustika Shahana Mutia Arami Muttaqien Nabila Luthfi Nadia Agustina Nadia Cantika Nailan Saadah Ritonga Najwa Balqis Aulia Nakita Sisilia Nana Mardiana Naseha Elkarima Nasriani Naya Shafira naz'aina, naz'aina Nazaruddin Wali Naz’aina Nazwa Nabila Naz’aina, Naz’aina Nelly Huzrin Hood Ngaliman, Ngaliman Nia Nazwa Aulia Pane Nike Astarina Ningsih Nita Khairani Nofrianti Indah Pertiwi Nova Crusita Hutabarat Novaria, Rachmawati Novi Apriani Noviyanti Noviyanti, Noviyanti Nozariyanti , Reny Nozariyanti, Reny Nugra Kurnianto Nur Ainun Angkat Nur Ivani Firmanda Nur Sofbiah Mardiyah Nurdin Ihsan Nurhaliza Nurhaliza Nurhayati Nurhayati Nurhayati Nurhayati Nurhayati Nuriani Nuriani Nurlaila Nurul Husna Nurul Monika Larasati Nurzanna Nurzanna Nusa Setiawan Pasaribu, Sapta Nuzul Kurniawan Oktarinaldi, Hefri Okvia Dera Utami Olenka, Rangga Ikrar Gombang Paradila Putri, Inggerit Pardamean H. Situmorang Prihandani PUJI LESTARI Puput Reisya Nabila PUTRI HANDAYANI Putri Marhaya Putri Nabillah Julia Putri Natasya Amira Putri Sarah Putri Zahratul Jannah Putri Zakia Rahma R Deci Fadillah R. Deci Fadillah Rachman, Abd. Rafiza, Raja Rahma Rahma Sari Utami Rahmah Nabila Putri Rahmasari, Ayu Rahmatun Nisa, Rahmatun Raja Afrikurniawan Raja Hafiz Hermawan Raja Irama Pujangga Raja Rafiza Ramadani, Suci Ramadhan, Chairy Rani Mauliyana Raudhatul Jannah Rayessandi Rayyan Hidayat Reny Nozariyanti Reza Chandra Reza Juanda Rezy Trilestari Ria Rama Sari Ria Resti Sinaga Rickiany, Liza Rico Dwi Cahyo Rico Nur Ilham Riduan Sihite Rieke Resty Afriany, Raden Rifka, R. R Riki Iswoyo Rila, Rajesh Ripaldo Hamonangan T Riris Sri Mariani Br. Tobing Risa, Fitria Riska Mahera Riyadi, Am. Rizki Zaskiyah Daulay Rizky Juliana Tanjung Rizky Nabila Tanjung Robi Sanjaya Robin Robin Robin, Robin Rohmat, Abdurr Rolinda, Cut Rona Juliyanda Rona Juliyandan Roy Erisusanto Roza Sahara Rozatul Ikhwa Rumengan, Angelina Eleonora Rusli Rusydi Rusydi Ryan Kurniawan Ritonga Safrani Safrani Safriani Safriani Sahro Sahat Marlaba Sahrul Sahrul Salmayani Salsabila Salsabila Salsabila, Atika Salsabila, Viya Aurelia Sapar Sapar Sari Yulis Terfiadi Saskia Munandar Satri, Dy Ilham Satriawan , Bambang Satriawan, Bambang Satrio, Endrie Djoko Sawaluddin Sawaluddin, Sawaluddin Sawaludin, Sawaludin Selfiana Dewi Selvisah Pitriyani Sembiring, Rinawati Sentiyani Sentiyani Sentiyani, Sentiyani Sepyenita Servo Sari Setiawan, Imam Sheptya Y.Putri Sihombing, Santi Silaban, Amon Silvia Vitri Sinurat, Mangasi Siregar, Haposan Siti Aisyah Siti Aqila Zahra Nst Siti Bakdiah Siti Hadisa Fitri Siti Razqia Nabila Sittong Parluhutan Panjaitan Situmorang, Rostiar Sri Mayang Sri Rahima Sri Yanti Suci Ananda Suci Ananda Suhaimi Suherti, Suherti SUPRIYONO Surawan Susanto, Eko Agus Susilo Budi Hartanto Sutriani Suzan Novita Syafnur, Ariza syafrizal syahputra, Eggy Syahrianis Syahril Syahril Syamsudin Syamsudin Syamsudin Syamsurizal Syarifah Alda Azlika Syarifah Fatimah Syukror Rozi T. Aris Nouval T. Edyansyah, T. Edyansyah T.Zakil Mubarak Tamaulina Br Sembiring Tassya Putri Azzahra Tasya Azzura Taupik Hidayat, Taupik Teri Agustina Thasrif Murhadi Titik, Diana Tohara, Tohara Trie Yolanda Sari Trio Ardhimansyah Tukino, Tukino Tuti Astuti Tuti Rahmawati Ulfah Uli Bastanta S, Citra Ulya Salsabila Ulyani, Ulyani Utami, O. K Viya Aurelia Salsabila Wahyu Wahyudin Wani Fitri Wayan Catra Yasa, I Wibisono, Chablulah Wibisono, Chabullah Widiya Selvina Widodo Widodo Wilia Octadina Willia Octadina Wina Nurhayati Windayati, Diana Titik Windi Nandina Winna Irafia Pohan Wirda neli Wirdaneli Wirdaneli Yani Endang Irmarita YANITA YANITA, YANITA Yeni Ardianti Yesa Mayasari Yoana Badra Yola Deviani Yoseb Boari Yudi Febriansyah Yuliansyah Yuliansyah Yulizartika, Yulizartika Yunina YUNITA Yuslinda, Yuslinda Yusniati Yusniati Yusniati Yusniati Yusnita Putri, Sheptya Yusnta Putri, Sheptya Yusra, Muhammad Zahara Zahara Zahara Zahidah Zahidah Zahra, Siti Aqila Zauwahir Zuhra Quratul Aini Zulfahmi Zulfahmi Zulkifli Zulkifli Zulmariad, Randi