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S. Sugiharto
Department Of Animal Science, Faculty Of Animal And Agricultural Sciences, Diponegoro University
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Administration of Fermented Averrhoa bilimbi L. Fruit Filtrate on Growth, Hematological, Intestinal, and Carcass Indices of Broilers A. Pratama; I. Mareta; T. Yudiarti; H. I. Wahyuni; E. Widiastuti; S. Sugiharto
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 1 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.1.79

Abstract

The study investigated the effects of administration of graded levels of fermented Averrhoa bilimbi L. fruit filtrate in drinking water on the growth performance, hematological variables, intestinal ecology, and carcass characteristics of broilers. The experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design. Two hundred day-old-Lohmann broiler chicks were randomly assigned into 4 treatment groups, each consisting of 5 replications with 10 chicks in each replication. The treatments were administration of fermented A. bilimbi L. fruit filtrate through drinking water at concentrations of 0% (CONT), 0.5% (FAB05), 1.0% (FAB1), and 2.0% (FAB2). Blood was sampled on days 21 and 33, while intestinal segments and digesta were collected on day 33. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) was improved (p<0.05) with the increased concentrations of fermented filtrate in drinking water. Body weight, cumulative feed intake, and mortality of broilers were not affected by the treatments. On day 21, thrombocytes decreased (p<0.05) with the increased concentrations of fermented filtrate. On day 33, leukocytes and lymphocytes were lower (p<0.05) in treated chicks than in control. On day 21, the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) increased (p<0.05) with the enhanced fermented filtrate concentrations. On day 33, creatinine and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) increased (p<0.05) following the increased fermented filtrate concentration in drinking water. Fermented fruit filtrate increased (p<0.05) jejunal villi height and ileal crypt depth. Fermented filtrate also resulted in higher (p<0.05) pH values of jejunum. The Enterobacteriaceae counts in the ileum decreased (p<0.05) with the increased fermented filtrate concentration in drinking water. Fermented fruit filtrate decreased (p<0.05) the liver and caeca weights and increased (p<0.05) the proventriculus weight. In conclusion, administration of 2% of fermented A. bilimbi L. fruit filtrate (pH 1.83) through drinking water improved FCR, physiological condition, and intestinal ecology of broilers. The addition of fermented fruit filtrate up to 2% in drinking water did not exert a negative effect on the carcass characteristics of broilers.
Performances of Crossbred Chickens Fed Fermented Papaya Leaf and Seed Powder at High Stocking Density S. Sugiharto; T. Yudiarti; E. Widiastuti; H. Wahyuni; T. Sartono; A. R. Pratama
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 44 No. 3 (2021): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2021.44.3.316

Abstract

The study evaluated the influence of fermented papaya leaf and seed powder (FPLS) and/or multienzymes on the growth, physiology, antioxidant, and gut ecology of the Indonesian crossbred chicken (ICC) at high stocking density. Three hundred and seventy ICC were randomly allotted to LSD (chicks fed conventional feed at low stocking density), HSD (chicks fed conventional feed at high stocking density), HSD+mE (chicks fed conventional feed plus multienzyme at high stocking density), HSD+FPLS (chicks fed FPLS at high stocking density) and HSD+FPLS+mE (chicks fed FPLS plus multienzyme at high stocking density). Body weight and feed intake were determined weekly. Two ICC were taken from each pen (10 chicks per treatment group) at week 10 for sampling. The study was arranged based on a completely randomized design with five treatment groups, each consisted of five replicates. Except for performance, analysis of variance was conducted on two chicks from each replicate (10 chicks per treatment group). Chicks in LSD consumed more (p<0.05) feed and had a higher (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio. Platelet distribution width (PDW) was lower (p<0.05) in HSD, HSD+FPLS, and HSD+FPLS+mE chicks than in LSD chicks. Lymphocyte counts were lower (p<0.05) in HSD relative to HSD+mE chicks. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was higher (p<0.05) in HSD and HSD+FPLS+mE chicks than in LSD, HSD+mE, and HSD+FPLS chicks. High-density lipoprotein was smaller (p<0.05) in HSD+mE chicks than in LSD, HSD, and HSD+FPLS chicks. Compared to the other treatment groups of chicks, HSD+FPLS chicks had a lower (p<0.05) albumin level. Creatinine level was lower (p<0.05) in HSD chicks than in the other group of chicks. Enterobacteriaceae counts were lower (p<0.05) in HSD+FPLS cecal content of chicks than in LSD and HSD chicks. The redness values of breast meats were lower (p<0.05) in HSD+FPLS chicks than the chicks in HSD+mE and HSD+FPLS+mE dietary treatments. LSD chicks had higher (p<0.05) redness values of thigh meat than the other treatment groups of chicks. LSD chicks also had higher (p<0.05) yellowness values than HSD+mE and HSD+FPLS+mE chicks. In conclusion, high stocking density resulted in mild stress conditions, as was demonstrated by the increased SOD and decreased PDW and redness meat values. A combination of FPLS and multienzyme ameliorated the adverse influence of high stocking density in ICC.
Blood and Intestine Profile of Broilers Fed Averrhoa bilimbi Fruit, Wheat Bran, and Yeast Blends A. Pratama; T. Yudiarti; S. Sugiharto; T. Ayaşan
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 45 No. 1 (2022): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2022.45.1.44

Abstract

A. bilimbi fruit filtrate, wheat bran, and S. cerevisiae contain bioactive components favorable to broiler health. The use of these compounds in combination was expected to exert synergistic effects on broilers. The study investigated the effect of a combination of A. bilimbi fruit filtrate, wheat bran, and S. cerevisiae on haematological indices and intestinal selected bacteria and morphology of broilers. A total of 280 broiler chicks were randomly divided into 4 groups with 7 replications, including CONT (chicks offered diet without additive), TBLEND1, BLEND2, and BLEND3 (chicks offered diet with 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% of the additive combination of A. bilimbi fruit filtrate, wheat bran, and S. cerevisiae), respectively. For data collection, the chicks were blood sampled at day 21 and 35, and slaughtered at day 35. The data were statistically treated with analysis of variance according to a completely randomized design. On day 21, the erythrocytes and haemoglobin levels were lower in BLEND2 and BLEND3 than those in CONT and BLEND1 (p<0.05). The leukocytes and lymphocytes values were lower in BLEND2 and BLEND3 than those in CONT (p<0.05). On day 35, erythrocytes were lower (p<0.05) in BLEND3 than that in CONT and BLEND1. The increased additive levels linearly decreased (p<0.05) erythrocytes, haemoglobin, and haematocrits values. At day 21, total triglyceride was lower (p<0.05) in BLEND3 than that in BLEND1 and BLEND2. The LDL level was lower (p<0.05) in BLEND3, whereas the HDL level was higher (p<0.05) in CONT than that in other groups. Creatinine was higher (p<0.05) in BLEND3 than in other groups. The ileal lactose negative Enterobacteriaceae counts were lower in BLEND1, BLEND2, and BLEND3 than in CONT (p<0.05). The duodenal villi height to crypt depth ratio (VH/CD ratio) was higher (p<0.05) in BLEND1 than that in CONT and BLEND2. In the ileum, the VH/CD ratio linearly increased (p<0.05) with the elevated additive levels. In conclusion, the combination of A. bilimbi fruit filtrate, wheat bran, and S. cerevisiae was beneficial in reducing intestinal pathogen load and improving intestinal morphology of broilers.
Growth, Blood, and Intestinal Indices of Broilers at High Density Pens Provided with Fermented Averrhoa bilimbi Fruit Filtrate S. Sugiharto; E. Widiastuti; T. Sartono; H. Wahyuni; A. Pratama; T. Yudiarti
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 45 No. 2 (2022): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2022.45.2.202

Abstract

The present study investigated the effect of fermented Averrhoa bilimbi fruit filtrate (FABFF) on growth, blood indices, and gut ecology of broilers raised at a high stocking density. Using 378 chicks (14 days of age), the study was arranged based on a factorial design with stocking densities (normal with 9 birds/m2 or high with 18 birds/m2) and treatment with 2% FABFF from drinking water or not as the two factors. Live body weight and feed consumption were registered weekly, while blood and intestinal contents were collected at day 35. Broilers at high density receiving FABFF had the lowest (p<0.05) feed conversion ratio (FCR). Thymus was smaller (p<0.05) in high-stocked broilers receiving only drinking water. Birds administered FABFF had greater (p<0.05) bursa of Fabricius than birds given plain water. The FABFF elevated (p<0.05) serum superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels of broilers. The malondialdehyde levels were higher (p<0.05) in high-stocked broilers given drinking water compared to normal-stocked broilers given drinking water or high-stocked broilers receiving FABFF. Drinking FABFF elevated (p<0.05) the ratio of lactic acid bacteria/coliform in the ileum. Cecal coliform was less (p<0.05) in chicks receiving FABFF than those receiving only water. High-stocked broilers receiving FABFF showed lower (p<0.05) Enterobacteriaceae counts than the other birds. The ratio of lactic acid bacteria/coliform increased (p<0.05) in broilers receiving FABFF. In conclusion, FABFF was capable of maintaining the development of immune organs and improving FCR, antioxidative status, and intestinal microbial balance of broilers stocked at high-density pens.
Dietary supplementation of Spirulina platensis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae on egg quality, physiological condition and ammonia emission of hens at the late laying period H. I. Wahyuni; T. Yudiarti; E. Widiastuti; T. A. Sartono; I. Agusetyaningsih; S. Sugiharto
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 48, No 1 (2023): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.1.47-57

Abstract

The study was aimed to evaluate the effect of Spirulina platensis and Saccharomyces cerevisiae or its combination on egg quality, physiological condition and ammonia excretion of hens at the late lay-ing period. At 81 weeks old, 144 Lohmann Brown layer chickens were divided into four treatment groups included CON (hens fed basal feed), SP (basal feed + 0.3% S. platensis), SC (basal feed + 0.2% S. cerevisiae), and SPSC (basal feed + 0.3% S. platensis + 0.2% S. cerevisiae). At the end of the study, eggs, intestinal mucosa, digesta, excreta and blood sample were collected. Results showed that albumin index was higher (P<0.05) in SPSC group than in CON, SP and SC. The yolk index and yolk colour were greater (P<0.05) in SP and SPSC groups than in CON and SC. The erythrocyte values were high-er (P<0.05) in SP group compared to CON, SC and SPSC groups. The ileum pH was higher (P<0.05) in SP than in CON, SC and SPSC. Lactic acid bacteria counts were lower (P<0.05) in the caecum of SC and SPSC than in CON and SP groups. The lower (P<0.05) counts of lactose-negative Enterobacte-riaceae were shown in SC and SPSC than in CON. The excreta pH was lower (P<0.05) in SC group compared to CON, SP and SPSC groups. There were better (P<0.05) protein digestibility coefficient and nitrogen retention in SPSC group than others. Faecal ammonia decreased (P<0.05) in SP, SC and SPSC groups. In conclusion, S. platensis improved egg yolk index and colour, increased erythrocyte counts and played an important role in maintaining the balance of bacteria in the intestine resulting in reduced ammonia excretion. Dietary inclusion of S. cerevisiae reduced ammonia excretion of laying hens during the late laying period. 
Growth, Health, and Carcass Traits of Broilers Supplemented with Acalypha australis L. Leaf Extract, Whey Protein, or their Combination in the Diet S. Sugiharto; I. Agusetyaningsih; E. Widiastuti; H. I. Wahyuni; T. Yudiarti; T. A. Sartono
Tropical Animal Science Journal Vol. 46 No. 2 (2023): Tropical Animal Science Journal
Publisher : Faculty of Animal Science, Bogor Agricultural University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.5398/tasj.2023.46.2.201

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary administration of Acalypha australis L. leaf extract, whey powder, or a combination of both on the growth, physiological condition, and carcass traits of broilers. A total of 392 broiler chicks was divided into four groups based on a fully randomized design, including (1) control (C, basal feed without additives), (2) basal feed supplemented with 1% Acalypha australis L. leaf extract (AALE), (3) basal feed with 1% whey powder (WHEY), and (4) basal feed with 1% Acalypha australis L. extract and 1% whey powder (AALEWHEY). Samples (i.e., internal organs, blood, intestinal digesta, small intestinal segments, and breast and thigh meats) were collected on day 33. Data were treated with an analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s multiple analysis. Treatments did not affect body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio (p>0.05). Abdominal fat was higher in the treated broilers than in the control (C) (p<0.05). The serum high-density lipoproteins (HDL) were lower in AALE, WHEY, and AALEWHEY groups than in the control (C) (p<0.05). Serum creatinine concentrations were higher in WHEY and AALEWHEY groups than in C and AALE groups (p<0.05). The AALE, WHEY, and AALEWHEY groups had higher duodenal villi height than C group (p<0.05). The villi height to crypt depth ratios were higher in the jejunum of the WHEY and AALEWHEY group than in the C group (p<0.05). The pH of breast meat was higher in the C group than in AALE and AALEWHEY groups (p<0.05). The lightness values of breast meats were lower in the AALEWHEY group than in the other groups (p<0.05). The redness values of breast meats were lower in the C group than in the AALE, WHEY, and AALEWHEY groups, while the yellowness values were lower in C and AALE groups than in WHEY and AALEWHEY groups (p<0.05). The pH values of thigh meats were higher in the AALE group than in control (C), WHEY, and AALEWHEY groups (p<0.05). In conclusion, the treatment of broilers with leaf extract of Acalypha australis L., whey powder, or a combination of both improved intestinal morphology and meat quality without affecting the growth performance of broilers.
Pengaruh Pemberian Daun Pepaya (Carica papaya linn) Kombinasi Suplemen kunyit (curcuma domestica) dan Mineral Proteinat Terhadap Fungsi Hati pada Sapi Friesian Holstein Nur Azizah; Dian Wahyu Harjanti; Sugiharto Sugiharto
Journal Animal Research and Applied Science Vol. 2 No. 2 (2020): Juli
Publisher : Study Program of Animal Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22219/aras.v2i2.12825

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji pengaruh suplementasi pakan herbal tepung daun pepaya dan tepung kunyit serta mineral Zn proteinat dan Se proteinat terhadap fungsi hati sapi. Materi yang digunakan yaitu 16 ekor sapi perah PFH periode laktasi ke I – V, bulan laktasi ke 1 – 4, rata – rata bobot badan 416,82 ± 33 kg/ekor dan rata-rata produksi susu per masa laktasi 2.391,95 ± 544,12 liter yang menderita mastitis subklinis yang telah diuji California Mastitis Test. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan yaitu RAL dengan 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan adalah sebagai berikut T0 = rumput gajah + konsentrat, T1 = tepung daun pepaya 0,015% dari BB + tepung kunyit 0,015% dari BB, T2 = Zn proteinat dan Se proteinat yang disesuaikan dengan kekurangan ternak hingga mencapai dosis Zn dan Se sebesar 2 kali rekomendasi NRC (2001) dan T3 = pakan basal + kombinasi herbal dan mineral proteinat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, suplementasi pakan herbal tepung daun pepaya dan tepung kunyit serta mineral Zn proteinat dan Se proteinat tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata (P>0,05) terhadap nilai SGPT dan SGOT yang ditandai dengan nilai SGPT dan SGOT yang normal, Nilai SGPT T1, T2, T3 dan T4 yaitu 14,84±11,38 IU/l ; 16,95±9,74 IU/l ; 21.05±3,06 IU/l ; 23,89±6,22 IU/l dan nilai SGOT T1, T2, T3 dan T4 yaitu 59,77±7,12 IU/l ; 60,06±2,20 IU/l ; 58,96±7,94 IU/l ; 68,19±20,62 IU/l. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan suplementasi kombinasi herbal dan mineral berupa tepung daun pepaya dan tepung kunyit serta mineral Zn proteinat dan Se proteinat tidak mempengaruhi fungsi hati.
Effect of synbiotic plus selenium or betaine on performance, intestinal health, nutrient digestibility, and carcass quality of Tegal ducks I. Mangisah; S. Sugiharto
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 48, No 3 (2023): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.48.3.222-231

Abstract

This study aimed to examine the effect of synbiotics and synbiotics plus Selenium or betaine on the performance, intestinal ecology, nutrient digestibility, and carcass quality of Tegal ducks. A total of 200 ducks were randomly assigned to one of four treatments in a completely randomized study. The treatment groups included control (basal feed without any additive), synbiotics (Syn; basal feed supple-mented with 2% synbiotics), synbiotic plus selenium (Syn+Se; basal feed supplemented with 2% syn-biotics and 10 mg/kg selenium), synbiotic plus betaine (Syn+Bet; basal feed supplemented with 2% synbiotics and 500 mg/kg betaine). The Tegal duck performance, intestinal health, nutrient digestibil-ity, and carcass quality were determined at the end of the study. Final body weight and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were improved (p<0.05) in ducks given synbiotic plus selenium compared to other treat-ments. Betaine or selenium in combination with synbiotics lowered (p<0.05) the caecum’s pH values. Synbiotic plus selenium or betaine enhanced (p<0.05) the numbers of lactic acid bacteria (LAB), but did not reduce the colonies of Escherichia coli in the caecum of ducks. Crude protein and crude fiber digestibility in Tegal ducks were considerably (p<0.05) improved by the administration of synbiotics, synbiotics plus selenium, or synbiotics plus betaine as compared to control. The Syn+Bet treatment, in contrast to the Syn and Syn+Se treatments, substantially (p<0.05) enhanced N and Ca retention. The Syn+Se and Syn+Bet groups had higher (p<0.05) carcass and thigh proportions than the control and Syn groups. The Syn+Se and Syn+Bet groups had higher (p<0.05) meat weights than the control and Syn groups. The treatment groups had less (p<0.05) abdominal fat than the control. Total cholesterol of meats was lower (p<0.05) in ducks treated with synbiotics or a combination of synbiotics with seleni-um or betaine. In conclusion, dietary administration of synbiotic plus selenium resulted in improved body weight, FCR, intestinal ecology, nutrient digestibility, carcass traits, meat weight and total cho-lesterol in meats of Tegal ducks.
ANALISIS GERAK PUKULAN LURUS PENCAK SILAT PERGURUAN PERSAUDARAAN SETIA HATI TERATE Hidayat, Mohammad Fatqi; Sugiharto, Sugiharto
Sains Olahraga : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keolahragaan Vol 8, No 1: April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/so.v8i1.51134

Abstract

Pencak silat sebagai bela diri asli Indonesia yang diakui internasional, sudah berkembang modern dalam bidang olahraga prestasi dengan menampilkan sebuah pertandingan seni bela diri berkarakter khas nusantara. Persaudaraan Setia Hati Terate (PSHT) termasuk salah satu perguruan bersejaran yang anggotanya tersebar luas, dan kabupaten grobogan merupakan salah satu cabangnya. Atlet PSHT Cabang Grobogan sering menggunakan teknik serangan tangan dan lengan yaitu pukulan lurus, tetapi berdasarkan pengamatan penulis ketika latihan tidak diberikan arahan yang jelas dari pelatih. Gerakan pukulan lurus sering tidak tepat sasaran, bisa ditangkis lawan atau dihindari lawan dan menghasilkan pelanggaran. Analisa gerakan seorang atlet penting dilakukan untuk pembenaran sehingga gerakannya dapat terbenahi secara mekanika. Teknologi dibidang ilmu biomekanika berupa software kinovea dapat menganalisis sebuah gerakan lebih baik dengan vitur slow-motion, pause dan sudut segmen dari bukti dokumentasi foto dan video. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui analisis kesesuaian gerak pukulan lurus pencak silat perguruan Persaudaraan Setia Hati Terate Cabang Grobogan. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan bentuk metode kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Teknik penarikan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling, sampel terdiri dari 3 Atlet putra kategori dewasa pada Perguruan Persaudaraaan Setia Hati Terate Cabang Grobogan yang lolos Pekan Olahraga Provinsi Jawa Tengah Tahun 2023. Hasil penelitian menerangkan bahwa gerak pukulan lurus atlet Perguruan Persaudaraan Setia Hati Terate Cabang Grobogan dari 3 fase yaitu persiapan (sikap pasang), take off, dan impact memiliki rata-rata skor keseluruhan 4,1 sehingga masuk dalam kriteria “sesuai” Kata kunci :  Analisis Gerak, Pencak Silat, Pukulan Lurus
HUBUNGAN PENGETAHUAN, USIA DAN GENDER TERHADAP KONSUMSI SUPPLEMENT Syahbana, Fadil Ali; Sugiharto, Sugiharto
Sains Olahraga : Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Keolahragaan Vol 8, No 1: April 2024
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Medan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24114/so.v8i1.50787

Abstract

Suplemen makanan merupakan produk penunjang kebutuhan gizi yang tidak bisa menggantikan makanan sehari-hari. Suplemen dapat meningkatkan daya tahan, mempercepat pemulihan, meningkatkan masa otot yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan performa. Penggunaan Suplemen sendiri cenderung meningkat, statistik menunjukan 50% orang yang jarang berolahraga, 75% atlet muda dan atlet elit semuanya menggunakan suplemen yang berbeda sebagai sumber kesehatan dan kenyamanan setelah berolahraga atau sebagai cara pemulihan setelah melakukan latihan Masih didapatkan banyak yang salah dalam mengkonsumsi suplemen, sedangkan suplemen bukan merupakan makanan yang baik bagi semua orang. Mengetahui dan menganalisis faktor-faktor (pengetahuan, usia, gender) yang berhubungan dengan konsumsi suplemen pada member gym kota semarang tahun 2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan metode pendekatan rancangan Cross Sectional. Subyek penelitian berjumlah 105 orang. Uji kesehatan yang digunakan adalah uji Chi-Square. Nilai p value sebesar 0,001 (p<0,05) sehingga terdapat hubungan antara usia terhadap konsumsi supplement pada member gym di Kota Semarang. Nilai p value sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05) sehingga terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin (gender) terhadap konsumsi supplement pada member gym di Kota Semarang. Nilai p value sebesar 0,971 (p>0,05) sehingga tidak terdapat hubungan antara pengetahuan gizi terhadap konsumsi supplement pada member gym di Kota Semarang. Kata kunci: Suplemen, gym, gender, usia, pengetahuan
Co-Authors A. Bachtar, Mulni A. Pratama A. Pratama A. R. Pratama A. Setiaji AA Sudharmawan, AA Abbas, Ilham Abda Abda Abdul Chalim, Abdul Abdul Hafidz Abdul Hasan Saragih Abdulloh, Ido Nur Adi Pranoto, Adi Adi Pratama, Okky Rizki Aditaruna, Djadjang Adli, Danung Nur Agusetyaningsih, I. Ahmad Musyaffa Ahmad Zain Sarnoto Akbar, Prima Soultoni Akhrima, Nina Akmal, Yurizal Al Gifari, Habibulah Ahmad Al-Baarri, Ahmad Ni'matullah Alfani, Muhammad Aliffajaruddin Alfiah Hayati Alfinda Novi Kristanti Alfindo, Bernadito Wildan Alma Aulia Aloysius Adya Pramudita Amalia, Sa'adatul Amin, M. Hilman F. Amirudin Amirudin Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani Angga, Prayogi Dwina Ani Margawati Anies Setiowati, Anies Anik Setyo Wahyuningsih Anjar Tri Wibowo Anugrah Robby Pratama Anugrah Rossytasari Anugrah, Siti Dian Anwar Anwar Anwar, Mahfud Anwardi, Nandina Salsa Billa Aprianto, Boby Arbiansyah Arbiansyah, Arbiansyah Ardiansah, Wisnu Arief Firmansyah Aristiyanto, Aristiyanto Arrofi’, Abdullah Dzulfikri Arum Pratiwi Atang, Atang Atika Swandana Awalya Awalya, Awalya Awan Hariono Azis, T. Abdillah Aziz Syaifudin Mursyid Aziz, Mohammad Fahthul Azizah, Fatiya Nur Azzarah, Regita Asiah B. Sukamto Bachtiar Efendi, Bachtiar Bangun, Oktaviana Baretto, Carlos Afonso Batubara, Efira Andiyani Batubara, Rina Mawardah Beti Kristinawati Bianca, Tanya C. Lauridsen Cahya Setya Utama Ciptaning Wahyu W, Imam Santosa Daengs , Achmad Dalimunthe , Amirhud Dallion, Ryan Dalmeri Dalmeri Damanik, Muhammad Ridha Syafii Darlani, Darlani Darmawan, Kurnia Sobar Darussalam, Ahmad Muttaqin Darwin P. 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