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Do Community Health Centers Have Contextual Effect on the Risk of Recurrence in Patient with Tuberculosis? A Multilevel Evidence from Surakarta, Central Java Muvida, Muvida; Widyaningsih, Vitri; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health Vol 5, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Community Health Centers play­ed an important role in tuber­culosis con­trol. Ho­w­ever, Community Health Centers’ con­tex­tual effect toward tuberculosis recurrence has not yet been discovered. The study aims to analyze socio-demography and clinical factors of first tuber­culosis episode and Community Health Centers’ contextual effect toward tuber­culosis recurrence.Subjects and Method: It was analytic obser­vational study with case control approach. The study was conducted in the city of Sura­kar­ta, Central Java, from December 2019 up to January 2020. Sample collection toward 204 tuberculosis patients who had completed their treatment or were confirmed cured, were con­duc­ted by using simple random sampling at individual level and stratified random sampling at community health centers level. The de­pen­dent variable was tuber­culosis recurrence. The independent variables were family income, le­vel of education, BCG vaccination status, smo­­­­king history, initial bac­terio­logical test, weight gain, DM, and COPD. The data were collected through medical record and interview. The data were analyzed by using multi­level multiple logistic regression with Stata 13.Results: In individual level, the preventive factor toward tuberculosis recurrence among other were high income (OR= 0.24; 95% CI= 0.06 up to 0.92; p= 0.037), high level of educa­tion (OR= 0.18; 95% CI= 0.04 up to 0.84; p= 0.029), BCG vaccination status (OR= 0.11; 95% CI= 0.02 up to 0.67; p= 0.017), and high weight gain (OR= 0.06; 95% CI= 0.01 up to 0.28; p< 0.001). Meanwhile, the independent predictors toward tuberculosis recurrence (OR= 7.11; 95% CI= 1.65 up to 30.64; p= 0.009) and diabetes mellitus (OR= 10.85; 95% CI= 2.13 up to 55.29; p= 0.004). In the level of Community Health Centers, high ratio between health workers/ tuberculosis patients significantly cor­related with lower tuberculosis (OR= 0.01; 95% CI< 0.01 up to 0.44; p= 0.016). Community health Centers had contextual effect toward tuberculosis re­currence with Intra-Class Cor­relation (ICC) by 38.67%.Conclusion: Factors in individual and com­munity health centers level may affect tuber­culosis recurrence. Community Health Centers has contextual effect toward tuberculosis re­cur­rent.Keywords: Tuberculosis recurrence, tuber­culosis, predictor, Community Health Center, multi­­level analysisCorrespondence: Muvida. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Su­ta­­mi No. 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: muvida­md@­gmail.com. Mobile: +628­965­1­4­­50435.Journal of Epidemiology and Public Health (2020), 5(1): 65-78https://doi.org/10.26911/jepublichealth.2020.05.01.07
OBESITY AND DIABETES MELLITUS AS PREDICTORS OF MORTALITY IN PATIENTS WITH STROKE: A META ANALYSIS Karlinda, Karlinda; Tamtomo, Didik Gunawan; Murti, Bhisma
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol 4, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability throughout the world. Based on studies in the United States (US), a person experiences a stroke every 40 seconds and every 4 minutes someone dies. The problem of comorbidity or the presence of more than one disease is the risk of stroke. This causes a person with comorbidities to have a higher risk of mortality than stroke patients without comorbidities. This study aims to examine the effect of obesity and diabetes mellitus as predictors of mortality in stroke patients.Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis and systematic review. The articles were obtained from Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer Link, Clinical key, and ProQuest databases. The articles have been published from 2010-2019. Keywords to search for articles are as follows: "comorbidity and stroke", "comorbidity and mortality and stroke and cross sectional study", "comorbidity and mortality and stroke and adjusted odd ratio", "comorbidity or stroke", "comorbi­dity or mortality or stroke or cross sectional study ", "comorbidity or mortality or stroke or adjusted odd ratio". The articles studied are full text articles with observational study design. Articles are collected using PRISMA diagram, and analyzed using the Review Manager application 5.3.Results: Obesity (aOR = 1.51; 95% CI = 1.03 to 2.21; p = 0.030) and diabetes mellitus (aOR = 1.75; 95% CI = 1.33 to 2.29; p <0.001) are predictors of mortality in stroke patients.Conclusion: Obesity and diabetes mellitus are predictors of mortality in stroke patients.Keywords: obesity, diabetes mellitus, strokeCorrespondence: Karlinda. Masters Program in Public Health Sciences, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: karlindalinda8@gmail.com. Mobile: +6282278924093Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(4): 383-393https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.04.12
THE EFFECTS OF TAMOXIFEN AND CHEMOTHERAPY AFTER SURGERY ON THE RECURRENCE AND SURVIVAL OF BREAST CANCER PATIENTS WITH POSITIVE HORMONE RECEPTOR: A META-ANALYSIS Delimasari, Trisakti Halimah; Tamtomo, Didik; Murti, Bhisma
Indonesian Journal of Medicine Vol 4, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer suffered by women in the world. The combination of tamoxifen and chemotherapy significantly reduces the risk of recur­rence and mortality in breast cancer patients. This study aimed to analyze how effective the com­bination of tamoxifen and chemotherapy after surgery to reduce the risk of recurrence and mortality in breast cancer patients with positive hormone receptor.Subjects and Method: This study used systematic review and meta-analysis. The researcher collected articles from the Pubmed journal database. The subjects of the study were women with breast cancer after surgery. The dependent variable was recurrence and survival (mortality). The independent variables were tamoxifen and chemotherapy. Data were analyzed based on the fixed and random effects model using RevMan 5 software.Results: There were 3 articles with 3,761 women who were involved in the analysis process. The combination of tamoxifen and chemotherapy could reduce the risk of recurrence in women with positive hormone receptor (ER+) breast cancer (HR=0.68; 95%CI=0.58 to 0.80; p=0.001). The combination of tamoxifen and chemotherapy showed weak and non-significant decreasing trend in reducing the risk of mortality in women with ER+breast cancer (HR=0.87; 95%CI=0.73 to 1.03; p= 0.11).Conclusion: The combination of tamoxifen and chemotherapy in women with ER+ breast cancer is effective in reducing the risk of recurrence. However, it does not increase survival.Keywords: tamoxifen, chemotherapy, breast cancer.Correspondence:Trisakti Halimah Delimasari. Program Studi Ilmu Kesehatan Kesehatan, Universitas Sebe­las Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: tri­sak­ti­hd­1994­@g­mail.­com. Mobile: +6285 293 994 629.Indonesian Journal of Medicine (2019), 4(4): 346-353https://doi.org/10.26911/theijmed.2019.04.04.07
The Association Between the Integrated Health Post Activity and the Performance of Community Health Workers in Child Growth and Development Care Service in Karanganyar, Central Java Kurniavie, Lidia Ekiq; Pawito, Pawito; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol. 5 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Background: Active integrated health post is an integrated health post that conducts routine activities every month and conducts additional activities. There are 61.32% active integrated health posts in Indonesia. Early detection of growth and development is one of the tasks of the cadres at the integrated health post. The role of the integrated health post cadre that is not optimal will have direct and indirect effects on children. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the integrated health post activity on cadre performance in children under five in Karanganyar Regency.Subjects and Method: This study used cross sectional design. This study was conducted in the integrated health post in Karanganyar from August-September 2019. There were 200 female college students involved as the sample of the study. They were selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was cadre performance of the integrated health post. The independent variables were cadre education, knowledge, attitude, employment status, years of service, training of children under five growth and development, facilities and infrastructure of the integrated health post, community support, and village government support. This study used questionnaires to collect the data. The data were analyzed by multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13.Results: Cadre performance in children under five growth and development in the integrated health post increased with high cadre education (OR=3.04; 95%CI=1.24 to 7.47; p=0.015), cadres who worked at home (OR=3.66; 95%CI=1.57 to 8.50; p=0.003), high knowledge (OR=4.11; 95%CI= 1.79 to 9.42; p=0.001), good attitude (OR=3.31; 95%CI= 1.31 to 8.38; p=0.011), parti­ci­pation in growth and development training by ≥2 times (OR=3.36; 95%CI=1.49 to 7.60; p=0.004), length of service of the cadres ≥10 years (OR=3.21; 95% CI=1.39 to 7.43; p=0.006), complete facilities and infrastructure of the integrated health post (OR=4.17 ; 95%CI=1.74 to 9.99; p=0.001), strong community support (OR=2.99; 95% CI=1.26 to 7.10; p=0.013), and high village government support (OR=2.76; 95% CI=1.17 up to 6.51; p=0.020).Conclusion: Cadre performance in children under five growth and development is affected by cadre education, cadre occupation, cadre knowledge, cadre attitude, training of growth and deve­lopment, length of service, facilities and infrastructure of the integrated health post, community support, and village government support.Keywords: cadre performance, integrated health post activity, growth and development, children under fiveCorrespondence:Lidia Ekiq Kurniavie. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: ekiqlkv@gmail.com. Mobile: +62858525­40575.Journal of Health Policy and Management (2019), 5(1): 48-60https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2020.05.01.05
Contextual Effect of Integrated Health Post on the Community Health Personnel Performance: A Multilevel Evidence from Purworejo, Central Java Hidayati, Ulfah; Tamtomo, Didik Gunawan; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol. 5 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Integrated health post (posyandu) is an effort to improve the health of the nearest in­fants in the community. The community health personnel are in charge of managing and carrying out posyandu activities. Community health personnel performance influences the success of the pos­yandu program. This study aimed to determine posyandu contextual factors on the per­for­man­ce of community health personnels in infant health services.Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted at 25 posyandu in Purworejo Re­gency, Central Java, in October 2019. The sample consisted of 200 community health per­son­nels selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was community health per­son­nel performance. The independent variables were number of children, education, occupation, income, tenure, skills and work environment. The data was collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by multilevel multiple logistic regres­sion.Results: Posyandu community health personnel performance increased with the number of chil­dren <3 (b = 1.89; 95% CI= 0.51 to 3.26; p = 0.007), education ≥Senior high school (b= 1.88; 95% CI = 0.31 to 3.44; p= 0.019), community health personnels worked at home (b= 2.15; 95% CI= 0.48-3.82; p = 0.011), income ≥Rp 1,200,000 (b= 1.86; 95% CI= 0.19-3.54; p= 0.029), tenure ≥3 years (b= 2.29; 95% CI= 0.71 to 3.87; p= 0.005), good skills (b= 2.34; 95% CI= 0.53 to 4.16; p = 0.011), and good working environment (b= 1.54; 95% CI= 0.01 to 3.06; p= 0.048). Posyandu had a contextual effect on community health personnel performance with ICC= 34.98%.Conclusion: Community health personnel performance increases with the number of children <3, education ≥senior high school, community health personnels working at home, family income ≥Rp 1,200,000, working period ≥ 3 years, good skills, and good work environment. Posyandu has a contextual effect on community health personnel performance.Keyword: performance, community health personnels, posyandu, multilevel analysisCorrespondence: Ulfah Hidayati. Master Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta, Central Java. Email: ulfahhidayatimg13@gmail.com. Mobile: +6285725932516.Journal of Health Policy and Management (2020), 5(1): 1-12https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2020.05.01.01
Do Places of Delivery Have Contextual Effect on the Perceived Quality of Intrapartum and Postpartum Services? A Multilevel Evidence from Kebumen, Central Java Nurlaili, Helmi; Tamtomo, Didik; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Policy and Management Vol. 5 No. 1 (2020)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Indonesia in 2015 was 305 per 100,000 live births. The majority of maternal deaths occur during labor and the puerperium. Increasing access to health services is not enough so that attention is more focused on the quality of services pro­vided. This study aimed to determine the determinants of the quality of childbirth and childbirth by midwives in Kebumen Regency.Subjects and Method: This study was a cross sectional study at 25 health facilities in Kebumen, Central Java, and was conducted during September-October 2019. The study sample consisted of 200 women giving birth and childbirth selected using the proportionate stratified sampling tech­nique. The dependent variable was the quality of childbirth and childbirth services. The inde­pen­dent variables were age, parity, education, occupation, family income, and type of financing. The data collection was performed using a questionnaire and the data analysis was performed using multilevel multiple linear regression with Stata 13.Results: The quality of childbirth and childbirth services increased with maternal age 34 years (b= 1.89; 95% CI = 0.48 to 3.31; p = 0.009), multiparaous (b = 2.20; 95% CI = 0.78 to 3.63; p = 0.002), and type JKN financing (b = 0.27; 95% CI = -0.94 to 1.47; p = 0.659). The quality of childbirth and childbirth services decreased with the education of high education (b= -0.87; 95% CI = -2.02 to 0.28; p= 0.139), working outside the home (b= -1.28; 95% CI= -2.64 to 0.08; p= 0.065), and family income of Rp 1,686,000 (b= -1.85; 95% CI= -3.24 to -0.47; p= 0.009). There was a con­textual influence of the place of delivery and postpartum on the quality of services received by mothers with ICC= 51.26%.Conclusion: The quality of childbirth and childbirth services has improved with the age of 34, multiparous, and JKN types of financing. The quality of childbirth and childbirth services declined with the education of mothers who were high school graduates, working outside the home, and family income of Rp1,686,000. There is a contextual influence of the place of delivery and postpartum on the quality of service received by the mother.Keywords: quality of service, childbirth, community health center, multilevel analysisCorrespondence: Helmi Nurlaili. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: helminurlaili@gmail.com. Mobile: 085869950546Journal of Health Policy and Management (2020), 5(1): 23-34https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpm.2020.05.01.03
APPLICATION OF HEALTH BELIEF MODEL AND SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY ON THE USE OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT AMONG WORKERS AT THE PLYWOOD PLANT: PATH ANALYSIS EVIDENCE FROM LUMAJANG, EAST JAVA Dewantara, Bayu Putra; Murti, Bhisma; Widyaningsih, Vitri
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol 4, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Work safety and health is one of the efforts in preventing work accidents. One of the protective measures for factory workers is to use personal protective equipment (PPE) when carrying out work activities in the workplace. In the production of plywood wood dust exposure and formaldehyde can cause acute irritation to the skin, eyes and respiratory tract can also be associated with chronic respiratory symptoms. Awareness of the use of personal protective equipment needs to be instilled in every factory worker. This study aims to analyze the determinants of the behavior of the use of personal protective equipment in plywood factory workers.Subjects and Method: This study was conducted using a cross sectional research design. This was done at the plywood factory of PT Mustika Buana Sejahtera Lumajang, East Java, in December 2019. Sampling was carried out by 200 factory workers using simple random sampling. The dependent variable is the behavior of using personal protective equipment. The independent variables are motivation, training, attitude, outcome expectation, perceived benefits, vicarious experience, observational learning, obedience to regulations on the use of PPE, and reinforcement. Data were collected using a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis run on Stata 13.Results: The behavior of using personal protective equipment on workers directly increased with high motivation (b= 2.65; 95% CI= 1.36 to 3.95; p<0.001), observational learning (b= 3.82; 95% CI= 2.25 to 5.39; p<0.001), vicarious experience (b= 2.19; 95% CI= 0.90 to 3.48; p= 0.001), posi­tive attitude (b= 2.38; 95% CI= 1.02 to 3.73; p= 0.001), obedient to the rules (b = 2.16 ; 95% CI= 0.83 to 3.49; p= 0.001), and experienced a strengthening (b= 2.64; 95% CI= 1.34 to 3.93; p <0.001). The use of PPE on workers was indirectly influenced by outcome expectation, perceived usefulness, and training.Conclusion: PPE use directly increases with high motivation, observational learning, vicarious experience, having a positive attitude, obeying the rules, and experiencing reinforcement. The possibility of using PPE indirectly is influenced by outcome expectation, perceived usefulness, and training.Keywords: PPE, factory workers, social cognitive theory, health belief modelCorrespondence: Bayu Putra Dewantara. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta, 57126, Jawa Tengah. Email: bayuputradewantara­@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281352347536.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2019), 4(4): 306-319https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2019.04.04.07
THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR AND HEALTH BELIEF MODEL ON FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH BREAST SELF EXAMINATION AMONG UNIVERSITY STUDENTS Fajriah, Asruria Sani; Respati, Supriyadi Hari; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol 4, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: The new cases of breast cancer worldwide are estimated at 1,384,155 with almost 459,000 related deaths. A common problem for breast cancer treatment is patients who often come to a health care provider when they are in the final stages of cancer. Early detection of breast cancer can be conducted by using the method of Breast Self Examination (BSE). This study aimed to analyze the determinant of Breast Self Examination (BSE) in female university students.Subjects and Method: This study used a cross sectional design. This study was conducted at Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Central Java, from August-September 2019. A sample of 200 female university students was selected by simple random sampling. The dependent variable was Breast Self Examination. The independent variables were age, perceived barrier, self-efficacy, subjective norm, and attitude. The data were collected by using questionnaires. The data were analyzed by a multiple logistic regression run on Stata 13.Results: Breast Self Examination (BSE) increased with age ?20 years (OR=5.01; 95%CI=1.79 to 14.00; p=0.002), positive perceived barrier (OR=0.0CI8;95%=0.03 to 0.27; p<0.001), strong self-efficacy (OR=6.40; CI 95%=2.53  to 16.23; p<0.001), strong subjective norm (OR=4.13; 95%CI= 1.55 to 10.99; p=0.004), and positive attitude (OR=7.55; 95%CI= 2.57 to 22.22; p=0.022).Conclusion: Breast Self Examination (BSE) increased with age, perceived barrier, self-efficacy, subjective norm, and attitude.Keywords: breast cancer, breast self examination, theory of planned behavior, screeningCorrespondence: Asruria Sani Fajriah. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: sanifajriah­@­gmail.com. Mobile: +6285790341801.Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2019), 4(4): 246-257https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2019.04.04.01
THEORY OF PLANNED BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY ON THE EFFECT OF THE COMMUNITY HEALTH CENTER TERTIARY PREVENTIVE BEHAVIOR AMONG PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS: A MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS Andriyaningtiyas, Yudi; Tamtomo, Didik Gunawan; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol 5, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) accounts for 90% to 95% of all diabetes cases. Complications of type 2 diabetes increase the risk of death for suf­ferers. Complications and deaths from type 2 dia­betes can be prevented by changes in behavior. This study aimed to determine the effect of health cen­­ters and other factors on the prevention of ter­­tiary diabetes type 2, using the theory of plan­ned behavior and social cognitive theory.Subjects and Method: This was an analytic ob­ser­­vational study with cross sectional de­sign, conducted at 25 community health centers, in Bantul Re­gen­cy, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. A sample of 200 type 2 DM patients was selected by exha­ustive samp­­ling. The dependent variable was type 2 DM tertiary prevention. The indepen­dent vari­ables at level 1 are intention, attitude, sub­jective norm, perceived behavior con­trol/ self-efficacy, experience, modelling, self-re­gu­­­­lation, and out­come expectation. Community health center was an independent variable at level 2. The data were col­­lected by questionnaire and analyzed by a mul­ti­level multiple linear regression.Results: Tertiary preventive behavior in type 2 DM patients increased with strong intention (b= 1.19; 95% CI= 0.62 to 1.76; p <0.001), positive atti­tude (b= 1.19; 95% CI= 0.58 to 1.80; p <0.001), supportive subjec­­tive norm (b= 0.79; 95% CI= 0.12 to 1.45; p= 0.019), perceived be­ha­vior control (b= 1.16; 95% CI= 0.60 to 1.72; p <0.001), abundant experience (b= 0.65; 95% CI= 0.62 to 1.25; p<0.001), strong modelling (b= 1.07; 95% CI= 0.53 to 1.67; p= 0.030), strong self-regulation (b= 0.87; 95% CI= 0.34 to 1.40; p= 0.001), and positive outcome expectation (b= 0.82; 95% CI= 0.25 to 1.38; p = 0.004). Commu­nity health center had con­textual effect on the tertiary pre­ventive behavior in type 2 DM patients with ICC= 19.18%.Conclusion: Tertiary preventive behavior in type 2 DM patients increases with strong intent­ion, positive atti­tude, supportive subjec­­tive norm, perceived be­ha­vior control, abundant experience, strong modelling, strong self-regula­tion, and positive outcome expectation. Commu­nity health center has con­textual effect on the tertiary pre­ventive behavior in type 2 DM patients.Keywords: tertiary prevention behavior, type 2 diabetes, TBP, SCT, multilevel analysis.Correspondence: Yudi Andriyaningtiyas. Masters Program in Pub­lic Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Su­tami No. 36A, Surakarta. Email: yudi.andriya­ning­­tiyas@gmail.com. Mobile: +6281392704899Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2020), 05(01): 59-71https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2020.05.01.08
MULTILEVEL ANALYSIS ON FACTORS AFFECTING CARIES PREVENTIVE BEHAVIOR AMONG PRIMARY SCHOOL CHILDREN: APPLICATION OF HEALTH BELIEF MODEL Ratih, Dewi Mustika; Dewi, Yulia Lanti Retno; Murti, Bhisma
Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior Vol 4, No 4 (2019)
Publisher : Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Indonesia

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Abstract

Background: Dental caries (tooth decay) is a problem of children?s dental health in the world. Primary school age is a strategic group for the precaution of dental and oral diseases. There is a transition from baby teeth to permanent teeth in the early childhood. Primary school age children do not have good self-care behavior. Therefore, they need parental supervision such as maintenance of dental and oral health. The theory of Health Belief Model (HBM) is used by the community to take positive health action such as precaution of a disease. This study aimed to analyze the caries preventive behavior by using the theory of the Health Belief Model.Subjects and Method: This study used analytic observational method with cross sectional approach. This study was conducted at 25 Primary Schools, Klaten Regency, in September 2019. This study used stratified proportional random sampling and random sampling techniques of 200 primary school children at 25 primary schools in Klaten Regency as the sampling technique. The dependent variable was caries preventive behavior. The independent variables were perceived susceptiblity, perceived severity, perceived benefit, and perceived barrier. This study used questionnaires to collect the data. The data were analyzed by using multilevel analysis on Stata 13.Results: Caries preventive behavior increased with perceived susceptibility (b=0.89; 95%CI=0.85 to 1.69; p=0.030), perceived severity (b=1.59; 95%CI=2.73 to 0.44; p=0.006), perceived benefit (b=1.05; 95%CI=1.97 to 0.12; p=0.026), and perceived barrier (b=-1.54; 95%CI=-2.84 to 0.25; p=0.019). The variation of caries preventive behavior by 7% was determined by variables at the primary school level. This rate was smaller than the standard size of rule of thumb by 8-10%. Therefore, there was a contextual effect shown from the multilevel analysis, but the result was statistically low.Conclusion: There is an effect of perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefit, and perceived barrier on caries preventive behavior in primary school children. There is a contextual effect of primary school on caries preventive behavior based on the theory of Health Belief Model, but the result was statistically low.Keywords: multilevel analysis, primary school children, theory of Health Belief Model, precaution of caries.Correspondence: Dewi Mustika Ratih, Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: dewiratih1822@gmail.com. Mobile: +625640041822Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior (2019), 4(4): 258-266https://doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2019.04.04.02
Co-Authors -, Joeliatin -, Joeliatin -, Kadarwati -, Lusiatun -, Mardhatillah -, Masturoh -, Muryanti -, Vera . Muthmainah . Muthmainah . Sumardiyono ., Mujosemedi A.A. Ketut Agung Cahyawan W Abd. Rasyid Syamsuri Abdullah M Azam Abida, Liza Laela Achmad Arman Subijanto, Achmad Arman Addini, Ragil Aidil Fitriasari Adelita, Sela Putri Aderita, Novi Indah Adhimukti, Fahmi Adiansa, Rendi Aditya Kurniawan Aditya, Stefanus Afandi, Agil Rafi’ah Afiono Agung Prasetyo Afniratri, Atika Afriza Umami Agatha Widiyawati, Agatha Agung Dirgantara Namangboling Agung Kurniawan Agus Kristiyanto Agus Soedomo Agus Triyono Agusningtyas, Nisia Hari Agustin Widyowati Agustin, Dyah Ayu Agustina, Devita Ahmad Yasa, Ahmad Aisy, Jihan Rohadatul Aisyiyah, Farida Nur Akbar, Muh. Syaiful Akbar, Prima Soultoni Akhmad Azmiardi Akrom, Akrom Aktif Cahyaning Tyas Aktovianta, Lukman Al Ghifari, Muhammad Fahrezi Alfian Muhajir Alfiyani, Lina Ali Djamhuri Alifariani, Aulia Alifia, Latifah Nur Amalia Choirunnisa Amalia, Rizky Nur Aprilianti Amalia, Veterina Rizki Ambar Mudigdo Ambarsari, Anggraini Ambarwati, Dyah Amelia, Putri Aminuyati Amir, Nikmah Ayu Ramadhani Ammutammima, Ummu Fatihah Amrika Putranti, Maurizka Pitria Anak Agung Istri Sri Wiadnyani Anasulfalah, Hakim Andarwati, Dwi Astuti Dian Andreas Agung Kurniawan Andreas Agung Kurniawan, Andreas Agung Andreza Andri Iryawan Andri Setiawan Andriani, Anisa Andriani, Isna Andriani, Virdaria Andriyani, Shofia Andriyaningtiyas, Yudi Anggara, Feri Yuda Anggraeni, Anastasia Dwi Anggraeni, Fatimah Dewi Anggreani, Gadis Nur Anik Lestari Anik Lestari Anindita, Fauziah Shinta Annisa Azzahra, Annisa Annisa Marsha Evanti Annisa Marsha Evanti Aprilia, Nita Aprilia, Sholikha Dela Apriliani, Eltigeka Devi Aprilianto, Danu Aprilica Manggalaning Murti Apriliyani, Florida Betty Aprilyaningsih, Wahyu Apriyanti, Ruth Aqsyari, Riski Aqsyari, Rizki Ardelia Kurniawan Ardelia Kurniawan Ardiani Ardiani, Ardiani Ardianti, Febrina Arga Scorpianus Renardi Argyo Demartoto Argyo Demartoto Argyo Demartoto, Argyo Ari Natalia Probandari Ari Natalia Probandari Arianty, Meike Ariesta Permatasari Arif Siswanto Arif Suryono Arifin, Ayu Kusuma Puspasari Arini, Septa Santiya Ariningrum, Dian Aris Sudiyanto Aris Sudiyanto Aris Sudiyanto Ariska, Yovita Galuh Eka Arisona, Widya Lusi Ariwardani, Betty Nurizky Ariza Putri Uniq Pratiwi, Ariza Putri Uniq Arlina Azka Arum Nuryati Arum Wijayanti Aryoseto, Lukman Asrifa, Efa Yusfi Astari, Rahmi Windhy Astuti, Yessy Widhi Atin, Ulya Khoirunnisa’ Atmodjo, Joko Tri Atmojo, Joko Tri Aulia, Yusrin Aviandari, Tifa Ayu Anulus Ayu Rachmawati, Rulita Ayuningtiyas, Citra Ayuningtyas, Kanthi Devi Azam, Abdullah M Azizah, Alfi Makrifatul Azizah, Fara Khansa Azizah, Fikri Dian Dinu Azzahro, Asri Wahyu Bachtiar, Erlangga Yusa Baharuddin, Suci Maulidya Bambang Suprapto Baroroh Barir Betriza Bhre Diansyah Dinda Khalifatulloh Bobbi Juni Saputra Brilliandi, Immanuel Billy Budhiastuti, Uki Retno Budi Mulyono Budi Mulyono Budi Yulianto Budi Yulianto Budinugroho, Agustaria Budiyono, Joko Burhannudin Ichsan Caesaria Christ Haryadi Caesaria Christ Haryadi Cahyaningrum, Hapsari Cahyaningrum, Lusia Arina Cahyanto, Erindra Budi Candra, Kintan Chatarina Umbul Wahyuni Chrisnanda, Indah Adhitama Ciptaningtyas, Wahyu Agustin Dwi Cynara, Ailsa Clarissa Damayanti, Siti Danang Ardiyanto Danuaji, Rivan Darmayanti, Aquartuti Tri Darto de Souza, Jeronimo Delfita, Tria Fora Delimasari, Trisakti Halimah Della Kusumaning Putri Delpia, Yesi Vila Demartoto , Argyo Dena Tri Solehaini Dermatoto, Argyo Dermatoto, Argyo Desi Ekawati Desyandri Desyandri DEVI INDRAWATI Deviasti, Rindra Dewantara, Bayu Putra Dewanti, Rosalia Indri Dewayanti, Nurmala Dewi Indriani Dewi, Arddha Maha Pawitra Dwi Puspita Dewi, Ayu Rosita Dewi, Ayu Rosita Dewi, Lanti Retno Dewi, Patria Sari Dewi, Rachael Saraswaty Dewi, Ristamaya Danar Dharmawan, Ruben Dhony, Ervia Fahma Dian Ariningrum Dian Asih Ning Utami Dian Estiningtyas Dian Handayani Diana, Tutut Okta Dianika, Bani Diba, Dinda Nabila Silva Didik Gunawan Tamtomo Didik Tamtomo Didik Tamtomo, Didik Diffah Hanim Diffah Hanim Dilafa, Rynda Arum Diyantana, Wawan DONO INDARTO Dono Indarto Dono Indarto Drajat Tri Kartono Drajat Tri Kartono dwi ayu lestari, dwi ayu Dwi Setyawan Edi Karyadi Edi Pramono Edit Paulik Edy Bachrun Eka Miftakhul Jannah, Eka Miftakhul Ekasari, Dily Elsa Adila Ramadhian Endang Listyaningsih Endang Listyaningsih Endang Sutisna Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Endang Sutisna Sulaeman Endang Sutrisna Endang Tri Sulistyowati, Endang Tri Eni Nur Rahmawati Erayanti Saloko Erick Zicof Ermawati, Dwi Hesti Eskawati, Maria Yeny Eti Poncorini Pamungkas Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari Fadhila, Shofia Nur Fadhilah, Isnaini Qoriatul Fahmi Hakam Fahrezi, Chattrin Fajriah, Asruria Sani Fajriyah, Yuli Lutfatul Fajriyani, Fanny Kartika Farida Farida Fathoni, Afrizal Ikhsanul Fatmawati, Dyah Ayu Faujiah, Irfa Nur Fauziyah, Rahma Fauziyyah, Jihan Nafisah Febrika Devi Nanda Feny Tunjungsari Fetty Rosyadia Wachdin Fidyaningrum, Fifi Fikriyyah, Syarifatul Firda, Fathiyyatu Assa’diy Firdaus, Anisah Firdaus, Riza FIRDAUSI NUZULA Firdausi Nuzula Firmansyah, Reza Ramadhana Tahta Firza Fatchya Fitriah Fitriah Fitriah Fitriah Fitriyani, Ayu Laela Flora, Viola Holly Frafitasari, Dika Yanuar Fresna, Riyesti Hero Furqon, Mashaf Fahrur Murdo Gabriela Advitri Febriani Gabriella Diandra Nurbianto Gaurinindi, Melinda Febianca Ghifari, Muhammad Fahrezi Al Gita, Anggi Putri Aria Gloria Katrin Evasari Gloria Katrin Evasari Gojali, La Karman Grace Gumilar, Karismatika Surya Gusti, Titis Eka Habibi, Mustainu Hadi Sudjito Hafida, Salsabilla Luthfiana Ayu Hafiizha, Atthahira Amalia Haliza, Afifah Nur Handariati, Atik Handayani, Anggun Fitri Handoko Handoko Hanida, Amin Nur Hanif, Ihsan Hanifah hanifah hanifah Hanifah, Siti Nur Hanisah, Hanisah Hanni Wardhani Hanung Adi Nugroho Hany Ferdinando Hapsari , Happy Indri Hapsari, Fara Rizky Punjung Hari Wujoso Hari Wujoso Haris Mudjiman, Haris Hariyadi, Agustin Mahardika Harsono Salimo Hartanto, O S Hartanto, Rifai Hartono Hartono Hartono Hartono Harumi, Linda Haryanti, Rusiana Sri Haryo Nugroho Hastuti, Rela Hastuti, Uki Retno Budi Hendra Dwi Kurniawan, Hendra Dwi Heni Rusmitasari Heriani, Andi Herlina, Lily HERMANU JOEBAGIO Hermanu Joebagio Hermanu Joebagyo Hervindita Dinda Siswandwika, Hervindita Dinda Hidayati, Alvy Nur Hidayati, Khairani Nur Hidayati, Khairina Nur Hidayati, Rosalia Sri Hidayati, Rosalia Sri Himawati, Yulia Husna Arwa Salsabil Husna, Erza I Gusti Agung Ngurah Putra Pradnyantara I Kadek Ludi Junapati Ibrahim, Natalia Prisca Ida Mardalena Ida Mardalena Ida Nursanti Ida Srisurani Wiji Astuti IFFAH NURHAYATI, SRI HARTINI, ANANG PRIYANTO, Ika Yuli Ayuningrum Immanuel Billy Brilliandi Inayati, Rizqi Inayati, Rizqi Indah, Lestari Indria, Gita Ayu Indriani, Fenita Irawan, Bibit Irawanto, Muhammad Eko Irfandi, Julhan Irmawati Irwan, Viola Fathia Ischan, Burhannudin Isfaizah Islami, Shilfia Ulfa Ismail, Aem Isnaeni Herawati Isnaini Herawati Istiqomah, Anisa Ikhlasani Nur Jannah, Ahadyah Miftahul Jannah, Ahadyah Miftahul Jarot Subandono JAROT SUBANDONO Jonial Jonial, Jonial Jumadi - Junapati, I Kadek Ludi Jusup, Sinu Andhi K, Isyana Miranti Karima, Fatimah Hasna Karlinda Karlinda Karmany, Putu Anggi Widia Karsid, Ravik Kartika, Dian Surya Kartikasari, Mayriyana Katmini, Katmini Keswara, Nila Widya Ketaren, Enge Surabina Khairiyyah, Alimah Ulfah Khairunnisa Khairunnisa1, Khairunnisa Khoirunnisa' Maftuch, Atiqoh Khorudin, Denis Khulwani, Qumara Wilda Kogoya, Tena Krisnawati, Hesthi Kumalasari, Dwi Tour Kumalasari, Vilia Ayu Kurnianingsih, Widya Kurniasari, Mia Ashari Kurniati, Era Kurniavie, Lidia Ekiq Kurniawan, Ilham Raka Kurniawati, Oktaviana Kurrniati, Era kusnandar kusnandar Kusuma, Nisa Nur Kusumaningrum, Remita Yuli Kusumaningrum, Utari Kusumaningtiyas, Zonna Aditiya Kusumaningtyas, Mei Kusumawardani, Dyah Ayu Kusumawati, Ima Kusumawati, Ratna Lafif, Muhammad Zainul Larasati, Gayatri Kintan Larsiani, Lisa Safaah Novia Latifah, Mirzawati Latifah, Shafa Lauraine Wijayaningtyas Sinuraya Legowo, Nurcahyo Aji Lely Erawati Lestari, Dinta Levi Rismawati, Normalia Lilik Anggar Sri Rahayuningsih Lina Puspitasari Listiani, Funik Rahma Mei Livia, Wardhatul Lobis, Yusuf Bachtiyar Loekito, Cindy Lestyani Lolita Lolita Luky Adrianto Luluk Khusnul Dwihestie Lulut Khoridatur Rosida M.Pd S.T. S.Pd. I Gde Wawan Sudatha . Ma'ruf, Agus Syukron Mahendra Wijaya Mahendra Wijaya Mahzunah, Amalia Khurotul Maingu, Bertha Sylvester Mangunsong, Roy Romey Daulas Mar'atul Munawaroh , Siti Mardiah, Adriana Mardiah, Ardiana Maria Dewi Caetline Maria Dewi Caetline Maria Goretti Novianty Hutauruk Marlinawati, Iin Tri Marsim, Etanaulia Martaningrum, Herlina Ika Martha Oktavia Dewi Savitri Marthunus Judin Marwanto, Dwi Maryana, Dyan Maryati, Warsi Mar’atunsoalihah Matius Dimas Reza Dana Ismaya Maulana, Moh Maulinda, Amanda Via Maung, Yuzana Maya Ayu Riestiyowati Mayaningrum, Yulita Endah Miciko Umeda Miden, Destinady Kadiser Miftahul Arozaq Minawati, Atika Dwi Mira Mirshanti, Farahdila Moch Fanani MS, Novi Paramitasari Mubarok, Ahmad Syauqi Muchsin Doewes Muchsin Doewes Mufidah, Naili Zahroton Mufidah, Naili Zahrotun Mufidatun, Ikhtiarisca Olifia Muhammad Fanani Muhammad Masykuri Muhammad Masykuri Muhammad Rivai Muhammad Syaifuddin Muhdiana, Dedy Mujiran, Mujiran Mujosemedi . Mulianda, Cendekia Airedeta Mulyani, Noris Hadi Sri Mulyo Hadi Sudjito Mulyono, Budi Munawaroh, Siti Mar'atul Munawaroh, Siti Mar’atul Murti, Aprilica Manggalaning Murti, Fiqih Agustyna Mustafa, Sitti Aisyah Mutalazimah Mutalazimah MUTHMAINAH . Muthmainah . Mutiah, Nurmila Muvida Muvida Nabila Silva Diba, Dinda Nabilla, Jihan Nabillah, Lily Nafisa, Nisrina Nagaring, Sulaiman Putra Nahak, Maria Paula Marla Narulita, Danti Nasir, Shinta Nasir, Shinta Nawangwulan, Diyah Nazalah, Rajba Ni'mah, Siti Luluk Khamidahtun Nia Handayani Nindiyastuti, Nadia Ayu Irma Ningrum, Anis Lupita Ningrum, Dhian Nurayni Sulistyo Ningrum, Fiki Cahya Ningsih, Hepti Widia Ningtyas, Anindiya Nirwana, Astika Candra Nisa, Shofia Maharani Khoirun Nisa, Tsamarah Iffah Zahrotin Nisriina, Zain Nadaa Niswah, Sayida Royatun Noor Alis Setiyadi Noviani, Desi Novika , Revi Gama Hatta Novika, Revi Gama Hata Novika, Revi Gama Hatta Novika, Revi Gamma Hatta Nudhira, Uyunun Nugraha, Nurtama Aditya Nugrahaeni, Meita Tyas Nugrahani, Anna Nugraheni, Aulia Putri Nunuk Suryani Nunuk Suryani Nur Syahbani, Andi Syahrani Nur, Syukma Rhamadani Faizal Nuralita, Ayunda Yonik Nurbianto, Gabriella Diandra Nurhayati Agtikasari, Nurhayati Nurhayati, Farida Nurhayati, Happy Nurindahsari, Yespy Anna Wahyu Nuristiqomah Dwi Putri Nurkhairani, Nurkhairani Nurlaili, Helmi nurlailis saadah Nurlia, Nazilla Ade Nursani, Anggia Rahmah Nurul Dwi Andriani Nurul Fatimah Nurul Hakim, Ruliany Yuni Nurul Qomariah Nurul Ulya Luthfiyana Octava Prima Arta Octaviani, Cynthia Ode, Diana Oemar Sri Hartanto Oemar Sri Hartanto Oemar Sri Hartanto Oepomo, Tedjo Danudjo Oepomo, Tedjo Danudjo Oktaviyani, Feny Osi Pakanna, Epin Palupi, Endang Palupi, Raras Indung Pamilih, Ayu Trisni Pamungkas, Eti Poncorini Pamungkas, Putri Pandayu, Ardiansyah Panduwinata, Annisa Widya Pangesti, Lely Tri Paradela, Berti Vega Pawito -, Pawito Pawito . Pawito Pawito Permana, Fransisca Novalia Permata, Annissa Devi Pertiwi, Galuh Tunjung Pertiwi, Mumpuni Intan Pipiet Wulandari Poncorini Pamungkasari, Eti Poncorini, Eti Prabandari, Fatchurrohmah Ines Prabowo, Danang Aji Prameswari, Galuh Ayu Dyah Pramiyana, Ira Martin Pramukawati, Dian Ayu Pranita, Liliana Dwi Pranoto, Hosea Puspitasari Prasetya , Hanung Prasetya, Hanung Prasetyowati, Regita Azzahra Prasetyowati, Ummy Prastiwi Putri Basuki, Prastiwi Putri Pratama, Genn Andrean Pratita Komalasari Pratiwi, Ajeng Christiana Putri Pratiwi, Dinda Ika Pratiwi, Silvalia Rahma Pratiwi, Yeocelin Mega Pravitasari, Ines Ratni Prawita, Mirna Prawita, Mirna Prianggi, Herawati Primadita, Hanggia Priscilla Jessica Pihahey Pritania Prameswara Putri Puji Astuti Anggara Pujihartati, Sri Hilmi Purbanova, Reni Puri, Yessica Eka Puri, Yessica Eka Purnama, Hanif Wildan Purnasari, Ratih Hermas Purwaningsih, Yustina Purwaningtyas, Niniek Purwantanti, Titis Cipta Purwanti, Titis Cipta Puspa Damayanti Puspitaningrum, Cynthia Ayu Dian Puspitaningtyas, Danty Indra Puspitasari, Syndia Putra, Anse Putra, Firdy Rama Permana Putra, Gilang Pamungkas Ardi Putra, Muhammad Dudayev Caesar Putra, Sinar Perdana Putri, Alifia Nadhimah Putri, Anitasari Kartika Putri, Annessa Marknalia Sasqia Putri, Azilla Edsa Putri, Diani Fadmi Putri, Ebtaria Hartiwi Putri, Kurnia Eka Putri, Nuristiqomah Dwi Putri, Risma Aliviani Putriarsih, Ryanawati Putry, Mentary Febryant Qadrijati, Isna Qadrijati, Isna R Reviono R Rusnoto Rachmawati, Rulita Ayu Rahardjo , Setyo Sri Rahardjo, Setyo Rahardjo, Setyo Sri Rahardjo, Setyo Sri Rahayuningsih, Tutik Rahelli, Yeti Rahmah, Aulia Siti Nur Rahman, Aditya Aulia Rahmawati Rahmawati, Anisya Fajar Rahmawati, Dechoni Rahmawati, Isabella Rahmawati, Leny Rahmawati, Mitha Amelia Rahmawati, Rahmawati Rakhmahayu, Atika Rakhmahayu, Atika Ramadani, Aulia Noorvita Ramadhan, Septyandi Ramadhani, Amanda Kesli Ramadhani, Dinda Nur Asri Mutiara Ratih, Dewi Mustika Ratna Kusumawati Ratna, Tantri Yunita Ratri, Maika Ravik Karsidi Ravik Karsidi RB. Soemanto Regina Molnár Renardi, Arga Scorpianus Respatih, Supriyadi Hari Resta Dwi Yuliani Retiyansa, Yesi Retiyansa, Yesi Retno Wulan Retnowati, Very Retyono, Sugeng Reviono Reviono Reviono Reviono Reviono Reviono, R Rezky Amaliah Rifai Hartanto Rifai Hartanto Rifai Hartanto Rini, Arum Kusuma Riska Rosita Risna Widowati Risnasari, Annisa Risnu Ardian Witjaksana Rita Adriani Benya Adriani Rita Komalasari Rivan Danuaji Rizki, Ayun Widya Rofana Aghniya Rohmah, Isna Nur ROHMAH, LAILATUL Rohmani, Alfiana Nur Rokhayati, Rokhayati Rokhayati, Rokhayati Roobiati, Nur Fika Rosalia Sri Hidayati Rosalina Pradana Ayu Rosalina, Sintya Rosdiana Rosdiana Rosid, Sultonnur Rosida, Lulut Khoridatur Rosmiati Rosmiati Rosmiati Ruben Dharmawan RUBEN DHARMAWAN Rumpiati, Rumpiati Rusdiyanti, Yunita Rusnoto, R Rustam Sunaryo Rustam Sunaryo Sabania, Brillian Ferika Safitri, Denanda Agnes Safitri, Diyanti Safitri, Feby Safitri, Lina Eta Saidah, Ayu Saifuddin Azwar Saifuddin Azwar Saifuddin Azwar Saifuddin Azwar Sajalia, Husniyati Salamah, Ila Izzatus Salsabila, Muna Maimunah Salsabila, Putri Fortuna Salsabilla, Dinda Anindita Samudera, Galang Aji Sandhi Yudha Sani, Mario Febrianus Helan Santosa, Sugeng Budi Santoso, Nathanael Aditya Sanusi, Sita Rahayu Sapja Anantanyu Sapta Anantanyu Saptaningtyas , Haryani Saptowati, Dewi Saputra, Rizki Kurniawan Saputri, Chelsy Sumardi Saputri, Dyah Ayu Saraspuri, Niken Putri Eka Sari, Ayu Nanda Sari, Ica Yuniar Sari, Okky Nurlita Sari, Putri Yunita Sari, Victoria Husadani Permata Sastrawijayah, Jemmi Satya, Malinda Capri Nurul Savitri, Sheila Sayidah, Diana Setiawan, Rizki Setiyarini, Dwi Wahyu Setyadi, Ahmad Wasis Setyaningrum, Th. Catur Wulan Sheila Savitri Shofri, M Maulana Silamma, Kalvari Silfia Angela N Halu Silvia Ari Agustina Sinu Andhi Jusup Sinuraya, Lauraine Wijayaningtyas Siregar, Attila Yulaicha Advendila Siswanto, Andi Sisybania, Sisybania Siti Helmyati SITI KHOLIFAH Siti Nur Djannah Siti Nurhalimah Sitorukmi, Galuh Siwi, Ratna Purwani Soemanto, RB Soemanto, RB Soemanto, RB Soetrisno . Soetrisno . Sofiyani, Maya Soraya, Mira Mashita Sri Hartini Sri Hilmi Pujihartati Sri Mulyani Sri Panuntun, Sri Sri Umiati Subaeti, Tri Sudarmono, Andang Sugeng Budi Santoso Sujatmiko, Ramdhani Sukamto , Ika Sumiyarsi Sukamto, Ignatius Loyola Sukamto, Ika Sumiyarsi Sukandriani Utami Sukmakarti, Laksmy Dewi Sumanto Sumardiyono Sumardiyono . Sumardiyono Sumardiyono Suminah Suminah Suminah Suminah SUMIYATI SUMIYATI Sundari, Ana Suparno, Amalia Ulfah Suprapto, Bambang Supriadin Supriadin Supriyadi Hari Respati Surya Gumilar, Karismatika Susanti, Rahmah Purwaningsih Febri Susiani, Ely Tri Susilowati, Bekti Sutanto . Sutanto, Alfiani Vivi Sutisna Sulaeman, Endang Sutisna Sulaeman, Endang Sutopo, Haris Suwarto Suwarto Syafi’ie, Hisyam Syafira, Muthia Syahbaniar, Desi Syahmi Amar Syahputri, Rezyana Budi Syawaludin, Muhammad Husein Tamtomo , Didik Tamtoto, Didik Tantomo, Didik Thiang Thiang Timoer, Seindy Arya Kusuma Titin Ratnaningsih Titisari, Bening Rahimi Tiyas, Dwi Wahyuning Tri Budi Wiryanto Tri Budi Wiryanto Tri Kartono, Drajat Tri Nugraha Susilawati Tri Puji Pangesti Tri Sulistyawati, Tri Tri Sunarsih Tri Yonita, Maria Regina Trisnawati, Iga Tristian, Deviana Tungga, Tersia Marentiva Tursina, Elsa Tyas Aisyah Putri Ubriyanto, Gemintang Antartika Uki Retno Budihastuti Ulfah Hidayati Ulfah, Maharani Ulhaq, Muhammad Zia Umami, Afriza Umar, Alwan Dhafi Umi Nadhiroh Usmaningrum, Desif Upix Uswatun Hasanah Utami, Indri Nur Utii, Agustina Utomo, Asrori Ibnu Utomo, Gunawan Cahyo Utsani, Wimmy Safaati Veibiani, Nindita Arum Verasita, Prissy Viridula, Erike Yunicha Viridula, Erike Yunicha Vitri Widyaningsih Vitri Widyaningsih VIVIN EKA RAHMAWATI Wahyu Tri Sudaryanto Wahyu, Fatimah wahyuni wahyuni Wahyuni, Dewi Nofa Wahyuni, Septa Decelita Wahyuni, Vita Wahyuningsih, Christiana Sri Wardani, Aulia Ayu Kusuma Wardani, Aurina Firda Kusuma Wardhani, Hanni Waryana Waryana Waryana Waryana Waryana Waryana Wasyanto, Trisulo Wasyanto, Trisulo Wekadigunawan, Cri Sajjana Prajna Wekadigunawan, Cri SP Wekadigunawan, CSP Wekadigunawan, CSP. Whendi Setyawan Wibawa, Purwa Adrianta Wibisono, Lilik Sigit Wicaksono, Aliansi Wicaksono, Emirza Nur Wicaksono, Satriyo Fajar Widarto Widarto Widiantoro, Reza Widiyaningrum, Alfiati Nanda Widiyanto, Aris Widy Nurwiandani Widyarahma, Amanda Widyawardani, Tri Nyantosani Widyawati Widyawati Widyawati, Fiqi Wijayanti, Dwi Nina Wijayanti, Nurlatifah Febriana Wijayanto, Masromi Hendria Wijiwinarsih, Amallia Winahyu, Frannesty Estu Windiarti Dwi Purnaningrum Winiarti, Dian Witjaksana, Risnu Ardian Wulan Adis Aranti Wulandari Wulandari Wulandari, Adetya Wulandari, Ayu Novita Wulandari, Rizqi Amalia Wulansari, Galuh Yayi Suryo Prabandari Yeimo, Yulianda Yolanda, Rachmawaddah Yopiana, Elma Yuhanani, Arinda Mukti Yuli Astuti Yulia Lanti Retno Dewi yulia lanti retno dewi Yuliana, Ana Yuliana, Ana Yuliana, Nur Aida Yuliani, Istri Yuliani, Istri Yuly Peristiowati Yunita, Astri Yunita, Astri Yusrin Aulia Yusriyani Yusup Subagio Yusup Subagio Sutanto Yusup Subagio Sutanto Yuvrista, Yuliana Zahra, Fathia Mutiara Zahro, Astrida Septi Berliana Zahro, Hallisa'tu Zahro, Hallisa’tu Zainal, Dwi Trisnawati Zartika, Maoli Zoraya, Sabrina Intan Zuraida Zulkarnain, Zuraida